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Media Type: Video

January 30, 2023

“Poker Face:” The Sunday Mystery Movie But It’s Streaming

author
Adrian Pennington


TL;DR

  • “Knives Out” and “Glass Onion” director Rian Johnson talks about his exciting new Peacock case-of-the-week series “Poker Face,” starring Natasha Lyonne as a mystery-solving fugitive.
  • Johnson discusses the challenges of writing a mystery series where the main character has the superhuman ability to recognize when someone is lying, and the importance of crafting standalone TV episodes even in an increasingly serialized era of TV.
  • Johnson calls this mystery subgenre a “howcatchem,” where it’s very much about the detective versus the guest star of the episode.


To make new television, it helps if you’ve watched a lot of old television. That’s a lesson evident in Poker Face, the crime-thriller series created by Rian Johnson and starring Natasha Lyonne, which makes its debut January 26 on Peacock.

Lyonne — creator and star of Netflix series Russian Doll — plays Charlie Cale, a woman employed by a casino with a preternatural ability to tell when people are lying.

As Johnson, the writer and director of Knives Out and Glass Onion, explained to Dave Itzkoff of The New York Times, the self-contained installments of Poker Face are a deliberate throwback to a style of TV storytelling that Johnson grew up with in the 1970s and ‘80s.

“That’s when I had control of the television,” Johnson said. “And it was typically hourlong, star-driven, case-of-the-week shows.”

They weren’t only detective programs like Columbo and Murder, She Wrote, he said, but also adventure series like Quantum Leap, The A Team, Highway to Heaven and The Incredible Hulk, which were notable for “the anchoring presence of a charismatic lead and a different set of guest stars and, in many cases, a totally different location, every single week.”

Those ever-changing elements kept things fresh and surprising, he said.

READ MORE: Natasha Lyonne and Rian Johnson Trace the TV Origins of ‘Poker Face’ (The New York Times)

Poker Face is not a whodunit but an “open mystery” because the audience starts out each episode by seeing who did it, how, and why, before Charlie begins to investigate. Johnson himself calls this mystery subgenre a “howcatchem,” where it’s very much about the detective versus the guest star of the episode, as Johnson also confirms to Brandy Clark at Collider: “These are not whodunits, these are howcatchems. Show the killing, and about Natasha [Lyonne] vs. the guest star.”

As Clark points out, the benefit of these types of shows is that a viewer can jump in at any time, without wondering or worrying if they need to see the previous episodes to understand the story or the plot.

READ MORE: Rian Johnson Explains ‘Poker Face’s Episodic Storytelling (Collider)

Of course, Columbo is the key reference point and an acknowledged part of Daniel Craig’s character Benoit Blanc in the Knives Out mysteries. Johnson told Rolling Stone’s Alan Sepinwall that he binged the entire series during lockdown.

“My big revelation from bingeing it is, I wasn’t coming back for the mysteries. Although the mysteries are fun, I was coming back to hang out with Peter Falk. And in that way, I feel like those shows have as much in common with sitcoms as they do anything else.”

He added, “It’s not really about the story or the content. It’s about just hanging out with somebody that you like, and the comforting rhythms of a repeated pattern over and over with a character that you really liked being with. That’s kind of what I saw when I watched Natasha in Russian Doll, that made me think this could be interesting.”

Lyonne also said that she loved characters such as Columbo, Elliott Gould’s Philip Marlowe in The Long Goodbye and Dennis Franz’s Andy Sipowicz in NYPD Blue, as reported by Deadline’s Peter White.

Speaking at NBCUniversal’s TCA press tour, Lyonne said that Charlie is “floating above a situation trying to crack a riddle, but also an everyman who has their nose to the grindstone and figuring out the sounds of the street.”

Once Johnson had decided to make her a human bullshit detector, rather than a detective or a mystery writer, he realized he had a problem, but this became the key to unlocking how the show might unfold.

“How was the show just not over within the first five minutes, if she can tell when people are lying?” he told Rolling Stone. “I had her give a speech in the pilot about how it’s less useful than you think because everyone’s always lying. It’s about looking for the subtlety of why is somebody lying about a specific thing. And we found really fun ways to play that at different episodes going forward.”

  • Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
    Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
  • Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
    Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
  • Hong Chau as Marge in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
    Hong Chau as Marge in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
  • Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale and Chelsea Frei as Dana in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
    Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale and Chelsea Frei as Dana in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
  • Brandon Micheal Hall as Damian in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
    Brandon Micheal Hall as Damian in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
  • Benjamin Bratt as Cliff Legrand in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
    Benjamin Bratt as Cliff Legrand in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
  • Simon Helberg as Luca in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
    Simon Helberg as Luca in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
  • John Hodgman as Narc/Dockers in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
    John Hodgman as Narc/Dockers in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
  • Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale and Benjamin Bratt as Cliff Legrand in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
    Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale and Benjamin Bratt as Cliff Legrand in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
  • Lil Rel Howery as Taffy in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
    Lil Rel Howery as Taffy in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
  • Judith Light as Irene Smothers and S. Epatha Merkerson as Joyce Harris in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
    Judith Light as Irene Smothers and S. Epatha Merkerson as Joyce Harris in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
  • Dascha Polanco as Natalie in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
    Dascha Polanco as Natalie in “Poker Face.” Cr: Peacock
  • John Darnielle as Al, Chloë Sevigny as Ruby Ruin and G.K. Umeh as Eskie in “Poker Face.” Cr: Sara Shatz/Peacock
    John Darnielle as Al, Chloë Sevigny as Ruby Ruin and G.K. Umeh as Eskie in “Poker Face.” Cr: Sara Shatz/Peacock
  • Chuck Cooper as Deuteronomy and Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Sara Shatz/Peacock
    Chuck Cooper as Deuteronomy and Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Sara Shatz/Peacock
  • Chloë Sevigny as Ruby Ruin and G.K Umeh as Eskie in “Poker Face.” Cr: Sara Shatz/Peacock
    Chloë Sevigny as Ruby Ruin and G.K Umeh as Eskie in “Poker Face.” Cr: Sara Shatz/Peacock
  • Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Sara Shatz/Peacock
    Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Sara Shatz/Peacock
  • Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Phillip Caruso/Peacock
    Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Phillip Caruso/Peacock
  • Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Karolina Wojtasik/Peacock
    POKER FACE — “The Orpheus Syndrome” Episode 108 — Pictured: Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale — (Photo by: Karolina Wojtasik/Peacock)
  • Luis Guzman as Raoul and Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Karolina Wojtasik/Peacock
    Luis Guzman as Raoul and Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Karolina Wojtasik/Peacock
  • Adrien Brody as Sterling Frost Jr. and Benjamin Bratt as Cliff Legrand in “Poker Face.” Cr: Karolina Wojtasik/Peacock
    Adrien Brody as Sterling Frost Jr. and Benjamin Bratt as Cliff Legrand in “Poker Face.” Cr: Karolina Wojtasik/Peacock
  • Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Karolina Wojtasik/Peacock
    Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Karolina Wojtasik/Peacock
  • Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Phillip Caruso/Peacock
    Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Phillip Caruso/Peacock
  • Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Sara Shatz/Peacock
    Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Sara Shatz/Peacock
  • Jack Alcott as Randy, Charles Melton as Davis, and Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Phillip Caruso/Peacock
    Jack Alcott as Randy, Charles Melton as Davis, and Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Phillip Caruso/Peacock
  • Danielle MacDonald as Mandy in “Poker Face.” Cr: Karolina Wojtasik/Peacock NUP_197591_00014-
    Danielle MacDonald as Mandy in “Poker Face.” Cr: Karolina Wojtasik/Peacock NUP_197591_00014-
  • Lil Rel Howery as Taffy in “Poker Face.” Cr: Karolina Wojtasik/Peacock
    Lil Rel Howery as Taffy in “Poker Face.” Cr: Karolina Wojtasik/Peacock
  • Adrien Brody as Sterling Frost Jr in “Poker Face.” Cr: Phillip Carus/Peacock
    Adrien Brody as Sterling Frost Jr in “Poker Face.” Cr: Phillip Carus/Peacock
  • Dascha Polanco as Natalie and Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Phillip Caruso/Peacock
    Dascha Polanco as Natalie and Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Phillip Caruso/Peacock
  • Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Evans Vestal Ward/Peacock
    Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Evans Vestal Ward/Peacock
  • Megan Suri as Sara in “Poker Face.” Cr: Evans Vestal Ward/Peacock
    Megan Suri as Sara in “Poker Face.” Cr: Evans Vestal Ward/Peacock
  • Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale and Megan Suri as Sara in “Poker Face.” Cr: Evans Vestal Ward/Peacock
    Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale and Megan Suri as Sara in “Poker Face.” Cr: Evans Vestal Ward/Peacock
  • Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Phillip Caruso/Peacock
    Natasha Lyonne as Charlie Cale in “Poker Face.” Cr: Phillip Caruso/Peacock

Although Johnson is red hot and you’d think people would be biting his hand to work with him, he says pitching a more old-fashioned TV format got push back.

“I was unprepared for the blank stares. And then the follow-up questions of, “Yes, but what’s the arc over the season?” I think there is right now this odd assumption that that’s what keeps people watching, just because there’s been so much of that in the streaming world that I think people equate the cliffhanger at the end of an episode with what gets people to click ‘Next.’ But TV before incredibly recently, was entirely in this episode mode. So I know it can work because I grew up tuning in every day for it.”

One reason it’s harder to do episodic case-of-the-week stories is the expense and the production challenge. For example, you keep have to bringing in new guests and visiting new locations.

“Holy crap, it was a headache,” Johnson admits to Rolling Stone. “I don’t think we even realized what we’re up against. No standing sets. No recurring characters besides Natasha and occasionally Benjamin Bratt. But we’re very purposefully going for the Columbo approach of big fish guest stars. So every single one of these episodes, we try and get somebody very exciting to play either the killer or the victim. And it was a lot.”

READ MORE: ‘Glass Onion’ Director Rian Johnson Is Giving Us a ‘Knives Out’-Style Mystery Every Week (Rolling Stone)

Indeed, the cast list across the season includes Adrien Brody, Ellen Barkin, Nick Nolte, Stephanie Hsu, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Ron Perlman, Chloë Sevigny, Lil Rel Howery, Clea Duvall, Tim Blake Nelson, and many more.

Asked during a Q&A panel at the Winter Television Critics Association Presentation whether he writes specifically to those guest stars, he replied: “In the room, sometimes we’d have a placeholder actor, and it would end up being them, or surprisingly someone else. A benefit of this subgenre is that it is the guest star’s episode, and you see them go head-to-head with Natasha.”

Johnson continued to sing the praises of television in front of the ballroom full of television reporters and critics — saying he preferred the “pace” of this newfound process vs. film. Each hour-long Poker Face episode took about three weeks (one for prep, two for shooting) to complete. Compare that with making one film over the course of “several years,” as he put it.

READ MORE: ‘Poker Face’: “Endless Possibilities” For Natasha Lyonne’s Human BS Detector To Keep Solving Crimes Past Season 1 (Deadline)

“I loved that in each episode we’re in a different environment, it’s a whole new cast— it’s like making 10 mini movies,” Johnson told IndieWire’s Tony Maglio. “I literally dove into it like it was one of my movies. I really jumped completely into the deep end of the pool.”

READ MORE: Rian Johnson Now Thinks Making TV Is ‘Much More Fun’ Than Movies (IndieWire)

Johnson has previously directed for TV, notably on two episodes for Breaking Bad including the show finale “Ozymandias.” Episode two of Poker Face, which he directed, was shot in Albuquerque.

“I haven’t been back there since we shot ‘Ozymandias,’” he told Rolling Stone. “It was so much fun being back in town. A lot of the same Breaking Bad crew were on our crew, and it felt like a little homecoming.”

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Leave a Comment on “Poker Face:” The Sunday Mystery Movie But It’s Streaming
January 31, 2023
Posted January 29, 2023

“Troll:” Norway’s Motion Blur Makes a Modern (Ancient) Kaiju



TL;DR

  • Pushing aside “RRR” in the global marketplace, Norway’s “Troll” has become Netflix’s best performing non-English film.
  • Partly inspired by “King Kong” and Godzilla films, “Troll” employs many classic monster movie tropes with a distinctly Norwegian spin.
  • The character design for the titular troll was inspired by paintings by Theodor Severin Kittelsen, one of Norway’s most popular artists.
  • Espen Horn, producer and CEO of production company Motion Blur, said it was important that the production use Norwegians as crew, SFX and VFX vendors as much as possible, “because we wanted to show the world that this was genuinely a Norwegian or Nordic film.”


Troll from Netflix has seen some highly impressive viewing figures since its arrival on the platform and quickly became its best performing non-English film. This breakdown comes from Naman Ramachandran at Variety: “With a total of 128 million hours viewed and still counting, the film has taken the top spot on the non-English Netflix Top 10. It is in the Top 10 in 93 countries including Norway, France, Germany, the US, the UK, Japan, South Korea, Brazil and Mexico.”

READ MORE: ‘Troll’ Becomes Netflix’s Most Popular Non-English Film (Variety)

Monster movies have always had a wide fan base and Troll has all the attractions and tropes those fans like — a cityscape destruction, believable and well-executed VFX, a credible folklore backstory, and a monster with feelings and a purpose. Something that Renaldo Matadeen picked up on in his review for Comic Book Resources.

“The remains of his tribe got left in a palace under the Royal Palace, which means the troll king’s domain has been desecrated. So, he’s stomping his way to Oslo to destroy the place for what happened to his family and to crush the symbol of Christianity, politics and corruption.”

READ MORE: How Netflix’s Troll Dwarfs the MonsterVerse’s Kong & Godzilla (Comic Book Resources)

Yes, Troll was partly inspired by King Kong, including Godzilla vs. Kong, but don’t forget Cloverfield with its clever “monster in a city” reality. But one of the most important aspects of the production was to keep it very Norwegian notwithstanding the monster action at its core. Espen Horn, producer and CEO of Motion Blur, explained the vision. “It was a big and important dream for us. That we should use Norwegians as crew, SFX and VFX vendors as much as possible because we wanted to show the world that this was genuinely a Norwegian or Nordic film,” he said.

“That was very important as even as the film has a classic monster genre formula to it, as some people claim, it was important to us to maintain originality in terms of the characters, mythology and the nature of how we are as people. I think the audience were happy that we kept the Norwegian originality.”

  • Writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
    Writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
  • Mads Sjøgård Pettersen as Captain Kristoffer Holm, Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann, and Kim S. Falck-Jørgensen as Andreas Isaksen in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
    Mads Sjøgård Pettersen as Captain Kristoffer Holm, Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann, and Kim S. Falck-Jørgensen as Andreas Isaksen in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
  • Gard B. Eidsvold as Tobias Tidemann in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
    Gard B. Eidsvold as Tobias Tidemann in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
  • Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
    Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
  • Kim S. Falck-Jørgensen as Andreas Isaksen, Mads Sjøgård Pettersen as Captain Kristoffer Holm and Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
    Kim S. Falck-Jørgensen as Andreas Isaksen, Mads Sjøgård Pettersen as Captain Kristoffer Holm and Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
  • Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann, Mads Sjøgård Pettersen as Captain Kris, and Kim S. Falck-Jørgensen as Andreas Isaksen in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
    Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann, Mads Sjøgård Pettersen as Captain Kris, and Kim S. Falck-Jørgensen as Andreas Isaksen in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
  • Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
    Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
  • Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
    Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
  • Mads Sjøgård Pettersen as Captain Kris, Kim S. Falck-Jørgensen as Andreas Isaksen, and Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
    Mads Sjøgård Pettersen as Captain Kris, Kim S. Falck-Jørgensen as Andreas Isaksen, and Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
  • Mads Sjøgård Pettersen as Captain Kristoffer Holm, Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann, and Kim S. Falck-Jørgensen as Andreas Isaksen in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
    Mads Sjøgård Pettersen as Captain Kristoffer Holm, Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann, and Kim S. Falck-Jørgensen as Andreas Isaksen in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
  • Mads Sjøgård Pettersen as Captain Kristoffer Holm in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
    Mads Sjøgård Pettersen as Captain Kristoffer Holm in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
  • Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann and Anneke von der Lippe as Berit Moberg in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
    Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann and Anneke von der Lippe as Berit Moberg in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
  • Writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
    Writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
  • Writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
    Writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
  • Gard B. Eidsvold as Tobias and Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix
    Gard B. Eidsvold as Tobias and Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann in writer-director Roar Uthaug’s “Troll.” Cr: Netflix

Half-jokingly, Espen saw that owning the Troll story included some gentle reprisal for a fellow Scandinavian country’s appropriation of another folklore legend. “It was after Finland ‘stole’ the copyright of Santa Claus from Norway. Finally, we could copyright the Troll and insert some Norwegian DNA in to the story,” he said.

“It was essential that the people as well as the Troll were the heroes. Very often when you watch a monster movie it feels like explosions and the fights are more important than the love of the characters or the creature.”

Again reviews bought in to the sympathy for the monster, this from Noel Murray at the Los Angeles Times. “As with many other films about lumbering beasties, Troll alternates between making the big guy terrifying and sympathetic. It’s to the credit of Uthaug and his special effects team (as well as the refreshingly unfussy Espen Aukan screenplay) that this troll inspires such conflicted emotions and isn’t merely menacing or laughably goofy.”

It’s also to the production’s credit that the positive environmental messages baked into the story survived without the feeling of being spoon fed any kind of propaganda and without diluting the monster thrill ride. “We tried to do it in our own Norwegian modest fashion,” Espen demurred.

READ MORE: Review: It’s no secret why Netflix’s monster movie ‘Troll’ is so popular (Los Angeles Times)

Jesse Hassenger at Polygon agreed on the lack of a Hollywood ponderous third act in his review. “But there are plenty of advantages to shedding Hollywood-approved bloat while maintaining a kind of gee-whiz energy. Specifically, it resembles Emmerich’s 1998 version of Godzilla, reconfigured for greater speed and efficiency.”

READ MORE: Netflix’s explosive monster movie Troll is a whole new spin on Godzilla (Polygon)

Motion Blur is the production company behind Troll and over the last ten years have been making films and TV including two shows that were signed up for Netflix before Troll, the series Post Mortem and feature Kadaver. Espen, however, was sure it was the right time to attempt a huge monster movie with Scandinavian VFX houses of such quality like Denmark’s Ghost and Copenhagen Visuals, the Norwegian Gimpville and Sweden’s Swiss International. “We realized that with these Scandinavian facilities we had the ability to realize our dreams of creating such a monster, it seemed like the right time to do it.”

Espen describes the origins of the Troll project. “Around ten years ago we were developing a Troll story with another director. Roar Uthaug, the eventual director of Troll, was also developing a similar idea for a film. For various reasons both productions had to be stopped.

“But eventually we got together around three-and-a-half years ago to make a Troll movie. He had a very particular idea of how the story should evolve and had carved out the story and started working with screenwriter Espen Aukan.” The script was written fairly quickly and Motion Blur started to finance it.

Originally Troll was to be financed as a movie theater event with support from the Norwegian Film Institute, “We started to finance it as a typical cinema movie but then Netflix came on board — they bought so much into our vision for the film and how to accomplish it. They were very accommodating to fulfil this vision; it was actually a fairly easy choice to go along with Netflix and then not do a theatrical release.”

It was a 55-day shoot, which isn’t very long, but compared to Norwegian films is on the high side. “Shot in seven different locations including Oslo, so for the production it was very much a road movie in that sense. In one place for three or four days then move the 150 crew and cast to the next location. All were quite difficult to reach. Either up in the mountains or down deep inside a tunnel or a cave. But we got so much help from the local community including neighbors, farmers, engineers, even helping with extras.

  • Jallo Faber (Director of Photography), Roar Uthaug (Director) during production of “Troll,” Cr: Netflix © 2022
    Jallo Faber (Director of Photography), Roar Uthaug (Director) during production of “Troll,” Cr: Netflix © 2022
  • Troll. Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann. COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll. Roar Uthaug (Director) COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll. (L toR) Jallo Faber (Director of Photography), Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann, Roar Uthaug (Director). COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll. Mads Sjøgård Pettersen as Captain Kristoffer Holm. COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll. (L to R) Kim S. Falck-Jørgensen as Andreas Isaksen, Roar Uthaug (Director), Gard B.Eidsvold as Tobias Tidemann, Jallo Faber (Director of Photography). COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll. Roar Uthaug (Director) COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll. (L to R) Espen Horn (Producer), Roar Uthaug (Director) COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll. (L to R) Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann, Roar Uthaug (Director). COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll. (L to R) Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann, Kim S. Falck-Jørgensen as Andreas Isaksen, Roar Uthaug (Director). COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll. (L toR) Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann, Roar Uthaug (Director). COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll. Gard B.Eidsvold as Tobias Tidemann. COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll. (L to R) Mads Sjøgård Pettersen as Captain Kristoffer Holm, Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann, Kim S. Falck-Jørgensen as Andreas Isaksen. COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll. Roar Uthaug (Director). COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll. Roar Uthaug (Director). COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll. Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann. COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll. (L to R) Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora Tidemann, Gard B.Eidsvold as Tobias Tidemann. COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll. (L to R) Ine Marie Wilmann as Nora, Roar Uthaug (Director) COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022
  • Troll. (L to R) Roar Uthaug (Director), Gard B.Eidsvold as Tobias Tidemann. COURTESY OF NETFLIX © 2022

“To shoot in rural Norway was a fantastic experience. It was extremely rewarding that when you come to a small place the whole community gathers up and are so supportive. We also had fantastic help from the Norwegian army who were very accommodating in helping us first of all get it right in terms of language and rules and regulations as well as uniforms, guns and helmets, tanks etc.”

But what was Motion Blur’s inspiration for the creation of the Troll? They didn’t want the blundering and small cave troll from Lord of the Rings; in fact, Espen even derided them as “Hairless and stupid trolls.”

“For VFX we used Norway’s Gimpville, Ghost and Copenhagen Visuals in Copenhagen and Swiss International in Stockholm. The monster itself was partly derived from folklore. There is a famous painting by [Theodor Severin] Kittelsen who was one of Norway’s most popular artists, it was the painting that Roar Uthaug had as his inspiration. He always thought, ‘what would happen if we got a real troll walking in to Oslo down Karl Johan, how would everyone respond?’ ”

He worked with a Norwegian artist Einar Martinsen and they started conceptualizing the troll with that thought of Oslo in crisis from a giant creature.

But Kittelsen’s paintings set the scene, “The old Norwegian trolls had trousers, pine trees sticking out of their heads, had extremely large noses, were clumsy and a little bit stupid. We wanted a troll that looked badass but also would have the warm tender eyes of emotions, we wanted him to have memory to show feelings and emotions and the ability to camouflage itself.”

They presented their Troll design to Netflix and the streamer loved it, “We then started to work on the troll with Ghost who did most of the CGI on it. It was important that he was originated from Norwegian folklore — important to Norwegians and to Netflix. It was important that it had good heritage from the old Kittelsen painting and from the old fairy tales of Asbjørnsen and Moe from the 19th century.”

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CHARTING THE GLOBAL MARKETPLACE:

Big content spends, tapping emerging markets, and automated versioning: these are just a few of the strategies OTT companies are turning to in the fight for dominance in the global marketplace. Stay on top of the business trends and learn about the challenges streamers face with these hand-curated articles from the NAB Amplify archives:
  • “RRR:” Changing the Game for the Global Marketplace
  • “1899:” Making a Mystery in Multiple Languages 
  • “Squid Game” and Calculating the “Value” of Global Content
  • Global SVOD Market to Hit $171 Billion in Five Years
  • Think Globally: SVOD Success Means More Content, Foreign Content and Automated Versioning

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January 29, 2023

“M3GAN:” James Wan, Gerard Johnstone, and Jason Blum Know What You Want



TL;DR

  • Hit movie “M3GAN” has busted the $100 million worldwide ticket sales barrier on a $12 million production budget.
  • Director Gerard Johnstone was inspired by horror-comedies like Edgar Wright and Simon Pegg’s rom-zom-com “Shaun of the Dead.”
  • New Zealand actress Amie Donald played the demented AI and ended up doing her own stunts.


Perhaps it’s our underlying fear of what AI will lead to, or a horror jolt that we needed to kickstart our year, but the hit movie M3GAN is busting the $100 million worldwide ticket sales barrier on a $12 million production budget. Also, a generous PG-13 rating has lured in the teenage market with even younger kids finding a way into theaters to catch horror-comedy at its best.

Vanity Fair’s Julie Miller looked into the toy slayers and analyzed the genre. “The killer doll trope is nothing new — 60 years ago, a pigtailed doll in ribbons and ruffles named ‘Talky Tina’ took out an evil stepfather in a Twilight Zone episode,” she writes.

“In the decades since, there have been knife-wielding dolls, deranged puppets, demonic fetish figures, and diabolical porcelain dolls fronting horror films.” But maybe the effect is easily explained by Frank McAndrew, a psychologist who has researched the concept of creepiness.

“They have eyes and ears and heads and all of the things that normal human beings have,” explains Frank “But there’s something off — the deadness in their eyes, their blank stares. They’re cute and they’re supposed to be for children,” he says, but the human realism causes “our brain to give off conflicting signals. For some people that can be very discomforting.”

McAndrew further defines that dolls are especially effective horror-movie antagonists because murderous streaks seem so unlikely in a child’s toy.

READ MORE: M3GAN and the History of the Creepy Killer Doll Phenomenon (Vanity Fair)

But perhaps the most interesting aspect of M3GAN is how a seemingly CGI-laced movie was made for only $12 million. The mid-sized budget was perhaps a consequence of shooting in New Zealand during COVID — since at the time the country hadn’t yet been exposed to the pandemic. But it was also due to the skills of a young local actress, Amie Donald, who played the demented AI and ended up doing her own stunts.

  • v
    Amie Donald as M3gan in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
  • Amie Donald as M3gan in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
    Amie Donald as M3gan in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
  • Amie Donald as M3gan, Allison Williams as Gemma, and Violet McGraw as Cady in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
    Amie Donald as M3gan, Allison Williams as Gemma, and Violet McGraw as Cady in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
  • Amie Donald as M3gan and Violet McGraw as Cady in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
    Amie Donald as M3gan and Violet McGraw as Cady in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
  • Amie Donald as M3gan and Violet McGraw as Cady in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
    Amie Donald as M3gan and Violet McGraw as Cady in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
  • Allison Williams as Gemma in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
    Allison Williams as Gemma in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
  • Amie Donald as M3gan, Allison Williams as Gemma, and Violet McGraw as Cady in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
    Amie Donald as M3gan, Allison Williams as Gemma, and Violet McGraw as Cady in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
  • Ronny Chieng as David in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
    Ronny Chieng as David in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
  • Amie Donald as M3gan in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
    Amie Donald as M3gan in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
  • Amie Donald as M3gan and Violet McGraw as Cady in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
    Amie Donald as M3gan and Violet McGraw as Cady in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
  • Amie Donald as M3gan, Allison Williams as Gemma, and Violet McGraw as Cady in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse
    Amie Donald as M3gan, Allison Williams as Gemma, and Violet McGraw as Cady in director Gerard Johnstone’s “M3GAN.” Cr: Blumhouse

Jen Yamato at the Los Angeles Times tracked down the actress’s movement coaches. “Casting local performer and international competitive dancer Donald, now 12, to physically embody M3GAN turned out to be fortuitous. Although it was her first film role, the actor, who has also since appeared on Sweet Tooth, was off book within a week and loved doing her own stunts. ‘She was just extraordinary,’ says director Gerard Johnstone,” Yamato reports.

“Working with movement coaches Jed Brophy (The Lord of the Rings) and Luke Hawker (Thor: Love and Thunder) and stunt coordinator Isaac ‘Ike’ Hamon (Black Adam), she developed M3GAN’s physicality, which becomes more humanlike the longer she’s around humans. She adopted barely perceptible movements — a slight cock of the head, a step a bit too close for comfort — to maximize the unsettling effect M3GAN has on people.”

Donald proved to the director how well she could do her own stunts and even on the first day of shooting, nailed the all-fours forest move you can see on the trailer after perfecting it at home. “All of a sudden we get this video from her mother, where Amie had just figured out how to do this on the carpet at home,” said Johnstone. “And she could run on all fours!”

READ MORE: Puppets, fake tears, a young dance phenomenon: How ‘M3GAN’s’ killer doll came to life (Los Angeles Times)

CGI was definitely minimized in the movie, but WETA Workshop contributed additional designs to the film, and Oscar-nominated Adrien Morot and Kathy Tse of Montreal-based Morot FX Studios were entrusted to smooth out the joins of animatronics, puppets, posable and stunt M3GANs, as well as Donald herself.

Director Gerard Johnstone was also keen to bring a level of humor to the movie and find ways to echo his own experience of parenthood, as he told Gregory Ellwood at The Playlist. “But what I brought to it was definitely my own sense of humor and my own experiences as a parent. I wanted to put as many of my own struggles and anxieties and frustrations that I was having as a parent into this movie. Parenting in the age of AI and iPads isn’t easy.”

READ MORE: ‘M3GAN’ Director Gerard Johnstone Loves That You Think It’s A Comedy, Talks Sequels & More [Interview] (The Playlist)

Speaking to Valerie Ettenhofer in an interview for Slash Film, Johnstone cited Edgar Wright and Simon Pegg’s rom-zom-com Shaun of the Dead as teaching him a significant lesson in style. “My big lesson from them when I first watched  Shaun of the Dead…  was just how seriously they took both genres,” the director shares. “If I was going to do this, I had to treat the horror as seriously as I did the comedy.”

Johnstone struck a balance between horror and comedy with his first film, Housebound, which he continued with M3GAN, Ettenhofer notes, “a movie that offsets its most violent and unsettling scenes with moments in which the titular android does a hair-twirling dance or breaks into spontaneous song.”

Johnstone also namedrops a few other greats that he considers fun horror touchstones. “I’m a big fan of Sam Raimi, Drag Me to Hell and The Evil Dead trilogy.” He also commends Wes Craven, plus the “very deadpan” films of Joel and Ethan Coen, which he says employ “just a very dry tone, but you can tell they’re secretly making comedies.”

READ MORE: M3GAN Director Gerard Johnstone Learned A Key Lesson From Shaun Of The Dead [Exclusive] (Slash Film)

All the film references in the world mean for nothing, however, when your movie becomes a litany of Internet memes, which M3GAN quickly generated. Karla Rodriguez at Complex put it to the director that once a part of your movie or a part of the trailer becomes a meme, you know you’ve struck gold.

“And they were amazing,” picked up Johnstone, “and I just couldn’t believe how many of them there were. But I thought they were giving too much away in the trailer of the dance scene. I was like, ‘I just want a hint of it, something weird happening to tease people.’ And Universal said, ‘You don’t know what you’re talking about.’ And I didn’t know what I was talking about clearly because people just took it, recut it, put it to different music and it was just the gift that kept on giving.”

READ MORE: Director Gerard Johnstone Shares the Behind-the-Scenes Magic That Went Into Creating ‘M3GAN’ (Complex)

So where does that leave the psychotic M3GAN doll? A scary range of merch maybe, but definitely at least one sequel because, like artificial intelligence, we just can’t get enough of her. Producer Jason Blum has already said as much. “Blum did something he’d never done in his nearly 30-year career: He publicly admitted his desire to make a sequel before the movie even opened in theaters, Rebecca Rubin reports at Variety. “He just felt certain that audiences would instantly fall in love with M3GAN, short for Model 3 Generative Android, whose chaotic dance moves, pithy one-liners and killer tendencies turned her into an internet icon as soon as Universal debuted the first trailer.”

“We broke our cardinal rule,” he says. “I felt so bullish that we started entertaining a sequel earlier than we usually do.”

READ MORE: Why ‘M3GAN’ Convinced Horror Maven Jason Blum to Break His Cardinal Rule on Sequels (Variety)

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Why it Worked: Jason Blum and James Wan on ‘M3GAN’ | The Ankler

LIGHTS, CAMERA, ACTION! SPOTLIGHT ON FILM PRODUCTION:

From the latest advances in virtual production to shooting the perfect oner, filmmakers are continuing to push creative boundaries. Packed with insights from top talents, go behind the scenes of feature film production with these hand-curated articles from the NAB Amplify archives:
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  • Control and Chaos: Todd Field on “Tár”
  • Family Pictures: James Gray’s “Armageddon Time”
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  • The Revolution Will Be Televised: Making the Immersive, Explosive “Athena”

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  • Acquisition and Production
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  • Motion Picture / Film Production
  • Motion Picture/ Film Production

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“Troll:” Norway’s Motion Blur Makes a Modern (Ancient) Kaiju
“Troll:” Norway’s Motion Blur Makes a Modern (Ancient) Kaiju

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January 29, 2023
Posted January 23, 2023

Iñárritu, del Toro, and Cuarón: Life, Death and Everything Before and After



TL;DR

  • Netflix hosted a special evening celebrating Guillermo del Toro, Alejandro González Iñárritu and Alfonso Cuarón, aka “The Three Amigos.”
  • The three iconic filmmakers came together for a conversation reflecting on decades of friendship, partnership, exploring identity through cinema, and their latest films, del Toro’s “Pinocchio” and Iñárritu’s “Bardo, False Chronicle of a Handful of Truths.”
  • “For the three of us, one thing we have in common is that we don’t have a difference between filmography and biography,” del Toro said. “We make movies that reflect our lives, where we were in the beginning.”


READ MORE: The Three Amigos discuss the tyranny of nice, rejection as stimulant, and of course, Guillermo del Toro’s Pinocchio and BARDO, False Chronicle of a Handful of Truths. (Netflix Queue)

An openness about death as a fact of life is a characteristic of Mexican culture and one that the country’s celebrated directors share in their movies.

Guillermo del Toro, Alejandro González Iñárritu and Alfonso Cuarón discussed death, metaphorical and literal, as a theme in their work during recent roundtable conversations that also touched on their friendship, filmmaking as biography and the politics of streaming.

“Sometimes it’s a literal death or the closeness to that death that in most cases is combined with the end of the journey of a character,” said Cuarón in an extensive roundtable discussion hosted by Netflix. “Where do you think that comes from?” he asked his compatriots.

“It comes from a very primal fear and consciousness that we all share,” Iñárritu responds. “No matter what race, nationality, or political belief, we all will die. Ever since I was a kid, I was always thinking, we all will be gone. For me, [it’s important] to have the opportunity to imagine your own death, and to imagine how you can make it not morbid but a little bit profound… that is, when we confront weakness or fragility, is when our biggest character [traits] or flaws come out.”

del Toro admits to thinking about dying since he was seven. “I’ve been a death groupie because I think it makes life make sense,” he said, adding that he values the “absolute inalienable right to be fucked up, to be imperfect… Imperfection is one of the most beautiful things. And that’s why I think those themes are very well represented in the [idea of the] monster, or in the fear of death.”

The directors are among the most lauded in current cinema. Between 2013 and 2018, Cuarón, del Toro and Iñárritu have taken home five of the six Best Director Oscars and two Best Picture trophies between them for a run of work that according to Deadline firmly established them in the pantheon of cinema history.

With Gravity, Birdman, The Revenant, The Shape of Water and Roma, they have delivered their unique visions of cinema with the world. To which you can add this awards season, Iñárritu’s Bardo and del Toro’s Pinocchio which are both directly and indirectly biographical.

For Iñárritu, the death of his second son and near death of his third born were profound life-and-death situations. Bardo, he says, “is an allegory of my own life, a fictional way for me to liberate a lot of things — shame, pain, doubt, fear. That’s why movies exist for me. It’s a cathartic thing.”

Daniel Giménez Cacho as Silverio Gacho in “Bardo: False Chronicle of a Handful of Truths.” Cr: Netflix
Daniel Giménez Cacho as Silverio Gacho in “Bardo: False Chronicle of a Handful of Truths.” Cr: Netflix

del Toro shares that Pinocchio stemmed from the same deeply emotional place, in his case about fatherhood and being a son.

“To me, the most beautiful thing I’ve ever written is the final line, ‘What happens, happens, and then we’re gone.’ It’s the essence of the one thing I’ve learned in 58 years — this little time we have for each other that is important. I lost my dad after The Shape of Water and my mom right before Pinocchio opened, and I was able to see them as people, as neither saints nor devils. When I came up with the idea of Pinocchiohaving a dialogue with Death, that was when the movie appeared for me. I thought, ‘It’s about that.’ ”

In thinking about Roma, Pinocchio and Bardo, del Toro notes that one of them is pure biography, one is a classic children’s fairy tale, and the other is obliquely a biography, but they all are joined in similar ways.

“Different approaches, but ultimately the way we have deepened in our own biography within film is very similar,” he says, adding, “The first part of our career was how to handle the language of cinema. The latter part of our career is when the language of cinema and who we are start making contact.”

Cuarón,speaking to Deadline, describes this trio of movies as simply, “symbolic biographies.”

READ MORE: Alfonso Cuarón, Guillermo Del Toro & Alejandro G. Iñárritu, The “Three Amigos”, Take Us On An Odyssey Through Their History And The Future Of Cinema (Deadline)

There’s a lot of mutual respect, shared history and friendship among the group who have been dubbed “the Three Amigos.” Iñárritu says that he doesn’t have the same depth of relationship with other directors that he has with his Mexican peers.

“With others we] talk about technical things, stuff that is on the surface. But with these two, the benefit is they know very deeply who I am, and what my motivations are, and what triggers me. That deep knowledge of what needs to be said, and of how to say it in a way that is truthful and useful, is a complex mechanic.”

del Toro adds, “We have a dialogue that is very real. It’s helpful to have these two guys to keep me in check, so that I don’t get high on my own supply. We remember, at the end of the day, that we grew up together.”

Iñárritu compares the trio to the triumvirate of Spielberg, Coppola and Scorsese, who grew up and made their careers together in the 1970s.

“We do make very different films, and we do come from different approaches, but I’m always in awe of what Guillermo and Alfonso can do that I never could,” he adds. “Like Pinocchio, for Guillermo: I wouldn’t even know where to start making a film like that. To see these incredible puppets and the technology he uses, and how he works with stop motion; there’s something about it I can’t even understand. And yet I admire it and I learn from that.”

Of course, love cinema they may, but each of these directors has now made films funded by Netflix. There is a tension between the epic and cinematic art that they all aspire to and the screening of their films to most audiences on TV screens or laptops.

“I love the experience of going to the cinema, and I go and see films in the theater as often as I can,” Cuarón defends, “but I’m by no means going to say it’s the only way to experience a film. There’s a lot of cinema I’m quite happy to watch on a platform.”

He says he is less concerned about the ways that people are watching cinema, than he is about a “dictatorship of ideas” that is driving production decisions in Hollywood.

“It’s about the movies that are being made to please that media,” he expands, in relation to streaming platforms. “If you watch a Fellini or a Godard movie on your computer, it’s still a great movie. It doesn’t change the power of the idea. But I think the ideas are being reduced to computer size in terms of ideology, and I think everybody is participating in that. The reduction of the idea is what we should discuss, not the possibilities of the medium.”

del Toro agrees, saying that for him, “the size of the idea” is more important than the size of the screen. “Cinema — the marketing and financial side — has always tried to be constrained by rules. Right now, for example, you hear something like, “The algorithm says people need to be hooked in the first five minutes of the film,” but that was true in the ‘70s and ‘80s. That’s always been true. You need to have a strong opening sequence.”

He pushes the conversation wider than streaming versus cinema, espousing that cinema now is “post-COVID, post-Trump, post-truth cinema, and it’s very apocalyptic in a way. It’s always interesting generationally that when you think an artform is dying, what is really dying is the way you understand that artform.”

Iñárritu voiced concern about the impact of social media on young filmmakers, something that his generation did not have to face.

“It can be cruel, and it can be paralyzing. To have the courage to be disliked and to fail at this time is much more difficult than it was before.”

Now, Listen to This:


LIGHTS, CAMERA, ACTION! SPOTLIGHT ON FILM PRODUCTION:

From the latest advances in virtual production to shooting the perfect oner, filmmakers are continuing to push creative boundaries. Packed with insights from top talents, go behind the scenes of feature film production with these hand-curated articles from the NAB Amplify archives:
  • “Decision To Leave:” Park Chan-wook’s Love Story/Detective Story
  • Fantastic Fantasía: Making Alejandro González Iñárritu’s “Bardo”
  • “The Banshees of Inisherin:“ Martin McDonagh Tells a Wonderful/Terrible Tale
  • Control and Chaos: Todd Field on “Tár”
  • Family Pictures: James Gray’s “Armageddon Time”
  • She Stoops to Conquer: Gina Prince-Bythewood Goes to War for “The Woman King”
  • The Revolution Will Be Televised: Making the Immersive, Explosive “Athena”

  • Content Creation
  • Create
  • Acquisition and Production
  • Media Content
  • Motion Picture / Film Production
  • Motion Picture/ Film Production

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When Your Story is a Film But Also a Crazy Dream: Alejandro González Iñárritu’s “Bardo”
When Your Story is a Film But Also a Crazy Dream: Alejandro González Iñárritu’s “Bardo”

Alejandro González Iñárritu’s “Bardo” is a personal odyssey through the mind of the Mexican auteur and, by extension, Mexican history.

Leave a Comment on Iñárritu, del Toro, and Cuarón: Life, Death and Everything Before and After
January 25, 2023
Posted January 22, 2023

Filming Under Fire: “Retrograde” and the Realities of War



TL;DR

  • The Oscar-nominated filmmaker Matthew Heineman travels to Afghanistan to capture the turmoil as American troops pulled out in August 2021.
  • The original intent of the film was for a holistic look at modern-day military deployment, then pivoted to tell the story of the final acts of the longest war in US history.
  • Heineman and his crew risked their lives to tell the story of the airlift from Kabul and its aftermath as the Taliban took control of the city.


Director Matthew Heineman’s latest documentary captures the final months of the 20-year-long war in Afghanistan. The film begins by covering the story of a group of Green Berets supporting the Afghan National Army. Once they are ordered to pull out, an operation referred to as “retrograde,” Heineman then focuses the film on a young Afghan general, General Sami Sadat, who is desperately fighting to protect his country from a Taliban takeover.

Produced by National Geographic, Retrograde launched at Telluride and was nominated for Best Political Documentary at the Critics’ Choice Documentary Awards. The film also won the Producing Award at DOC NYC Feature and is on the shortlist for an Oscar nomination. The documentary feature is available for streaming on Disney+.

In military parlance, the term retrograde can mean several things, among them withdrawal from a war zone, but the ambiguity of the title is calculated.

“It’s a historical document of this final chapter in the war in Afghanistan,” the director tells Sophia A. McClennen at Salon. “It’s also an allegorical tale for a dynamic that has happened throughout history and will continue to happen long in the future: going into a country to fight a war, then leaving the country, and the effect that process has on everyone involved.”

READ MORE: “Taking sides is not my job”: “Retrograde” filmmaker Matthew Heineman on documenting a war’s end (Salon)

Heineman is known for his Oscar-nominated doc Cartel Land and his narrative feature A Private War. He has also made docs about ISIS in Syria, the opioid crisis, and human trafficking. Each time, he explains, “I try to take this large complex subject that has already been framed by news headlines and stats and humanize it. I try to put a human face to it. And that’s certainly what I try to do with Retrograde.”

The intimacy and access in Retrograde resulted from a tenacious effort to embed with US Army Special Forces, better known as the Green Berets. The access was enabled by producing partner Caitlin McNally, but even then the process took years to be approved by the Pentagon.

By the time that happened, the United States was preparing to exit Afghanistan. Two months after the film crew landed in Afghanistan, President Biden pulled out the troops.

Heineman didn’t know what to do. “I have no film here,” he related to IndieWire’s Anne Thompson. “We’d been shooting for two months, and there’s no real arc to what’s happening.”

READ MORE: The Documentarian Who Doesn’t Know How to Stop Putting Himself in Danger (IndieWire)

“It wasn’t a fait accompli that the Afghans were going to lose to the Taliban at that point, so there was a sort of blank of where this story was going to go,” he told Stephen Saito at Moveable Feast.

READ MORE: Matthew Heineman on Moving a Conversation Forward with “Retrograde” (Moveable Feast)

The filmmakers decided that Afghan General Sadat could emerge as a central character, and he agreed to cooperate. “We completely pivoted the film to focus on him and look at the end of the war through his eyes,” Heineman told Thompson.

The film vividly conveys the feelings of the Green Berets and their Afghan allies after President Biden’s announcement.

“There’s a scene in the film where they tell their Afghan counterparts that they’re leaving,” Heineman tells Matthew Carey at Deadline. “It’s quite a poignant scene where their faces all say more than words can ever say. That motif of faces was something that was very purposeful in the shooting of the film and the cutting of the film, really holding on faces for a really long time.”

READ MORE: Matthew Heineman Returns To Oscar Race With ‘Retrograde,’ Searing Doc On U.S. Military’s Last Months In Afghanistan, And What Happened Next (Deadline)

He could have created a series: Heineman returned to the editing room with 1,300 hours of footage. Instead, he edited the story to 94 taut minutes.

Speaking again to Salon, he adds, “In interviews, people can lie, either because they’re nervous or they want to spin a narrative. But faces don’t lie. That explains the motif that we developed both in the field and also in the editing room of holding on faces for a really long time.”

Some critics have noted that the film looks slick, with a sheen and a composition that wouldn’t look out of place, in say, Ridley Scott’s Black Hawk Down.

  • “Retrograde” captures the final nine months of America’s 20-year war in Afghanistan from multiple perspectives. Cr: Matthew Heineman/OTP
    “Retrograde” captures the final nine months of America’s 20-year war in Afghanistan from multiple perspectives. Cr: Matthew Heineman/OTP
  • “Retrograde” captures the final nine months of America’s 20-year war in Afghanistan from multiple perspectives. Cr: Matthew Heineman/OTP
    “Retrograde” captures the final nine months of America’s 20-year war in Afghanistan from multiple perspectives. Cr: Matthew Heineman/OTP
  • “Retrograde” captures the final nine months of America’s 20-year war in Afghanistan from multiple perspectives. Cr: Matthew Heineman/OTP
    “Retrograde” captures the final nine months of America’s 20-year war in Afghanistan from multiple perspectives. Cr: Matthew Heineman/OTP
  • “Retrograde” captures the final nine months of America’s 20-year war in Afghanistan from multiple perspectives. Cr: Matthew Heineman/OTP
    “Retrograde” captures the final nine months of America’s 20-year war in Afghanistan from multiple perspectives. Cr: Matthew Heineman/OTP
  • “Retrograde” captures the final nine months of America’s 20-year war in Afghanistan from multiple perspectives. Cr: Matthew Heineman/OTP
    “Retrograde” captures the final nine months of America’s 20-year war in Afghanistan from multiple perspectives. Cr: Matthew Heineman/OTP

Variety’s Peter Debruge, for example, notes that Heinman “brings back hi-def vérité footage that looks sharper and more artfully framed than most Hollywood features.”

READ MORE: ‘Retrograde’ Review: Matthew Heineman Risks His Neck to Record America’s Exit From Afghanistan (Variety)

“Am I supposed to not hone my craft and grow as an artist?” Heineman responds to Salon. “To me, the aesthetics are really important. My goal always at every step along the way, is I want you to feel what it’s like to be in the control room as you’re calling in an airstrike or drone strike. I want you to feel like what it’s like to be in a Blackhawk helicopter as rockets are being shot at you. I want you to feel what it’s like to go to the front lines of a war zone as your country is crumbling and there’s a lack of communication and information.”

Heinman put himself in some life threatening situations but denies being an adrenaline junkie. “I’m not drawn to the danger,” he tells IndieWire. “I’m drawn to people who have big stakes. I don’t enjoy being shot at.. I guess I am drawn, but I’m not quite sure exactly why.”

READ IT ON AMPLIFY: Filmmaking Community: How “The Territory” Put Its Subjects Behind the Camera

READ IT ON AMPLIFY: “All the Beauty and the Bloodshed:” Art and Activism (on Both Sides of the Camera)

He recounted the filming of a scene where he’s backseat in a helicopter in a particularly dangerous area. The Taliban began firing. He tells Dano Nissen at The Knockturnal, “When you’re in the helicopter and rockets are being shot at you there is no object button. There is no I want to go home. You are there. You’re in it.”

He continued, “In those situations the only thing I have agency over is my camera. And that is what I choose to focus on. I focus on framing and exposure. I’m mixing sound when I’m filming. Those are things I can control. If I’m going to risk my life to get a scene I’m going to get it right.”

READ MORE: “Retrograde” Director on Filming Under Fire in Afghanistan (The Knockturnal)

Accompanying Heineman were veteran combat cinematographers Timothy Grucza and Olivier Sarbil, supported by field producers and translators, but the scenes depicting the chaotic and hazardous exodus from Kabul airport were shot by just Grucza and Heinman alone.

“Never in my career have I ever felt something as strong as what I felt being at the Abbey Gate as thousands of Afghan civilians were desperately trying to flee, and as 18-year-old Marines, who weren’t even alive during 911, were making these impossible ‘Sophie’s Choice’ decisions on who to let in and who not to,” he relates to Moveable Feast. “The Taliban was watching at gunpoint a hundred yards away, as ISIS was circling around us in suicide vests, waiting to attack, which happened 12 hours later in that very spot. All I could think about was, ‘What have we done here?’ ”

Of course, he could escape with his American passport back home to NYC. He understands the privilege of his circumstance and the responsibility that comes with it.

“On one level, I think the film is a historical record of this turning point in history, but it’s also an attempt to get people to care and feel just a little bit more and understand this conflict in a way they might not have otherwise.”

To Salon, he adds, “I think the film is a living, breathing document of the massive chasm between the ideological reasons for going to war and the reality of those who are actually fighting it in real time.”

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January 22, 2023
Posted January 19, 2023

The Bonkers Format for Peacock Series “Paul T. Goldman”



TL;DR

  • Peacock’s docuseries straddles an uneasy line between real life, true crime and satire. “Borat Subsequent Moviefilm” director Jason Woliner tells the incredible and possibly unbelievable story of one man and his very bad second marriage.
  • The series dramatizes a real-life story and alternates between the polished narrative footage and documentary footage of the production itself, along with interviews and a fly-on-the-wall cinéma vérité style.
  • The project took 10 years to get off the ground, in large part because the show’s format and content is so uniquely bizarre.


“In 2012, a man named Paul T. Goldman tweeted at me,” is how director Jason Woliner (Borat Subsequent Moviefilm) begins, discussing his new Peacock series. “He said that he had an incredible story to tell and had written a book — and a screenplay — about it. He asked for my help bringing it to the screen.”

A decade later and the resultant Peacock series Paul T. Goldman is judged to be “hard to describe, impossible to forget, and one wild ride,” by Consequence TV’s Liz Shannon Miller, who says the bar for the “weirdest TV show of 2023” has been set pretty damn high.

Ostensibly about a man’s failed marriage and claims that he was a victim of his wife’s scam, this is less a shocking tale of sex and crime and more a fascinating portrait of a man and his ambitions: his desire for fame, for revenge. The series depicts its central character “through a lens that is alternately dark, strange, bizarre, and, more often than not, very funny,” Shannon Miller adds.

  • From the Peacock series, Paul T. Goldman as Paul T. Goldman, Jason Woliner as Jason Woliner, photo by: Evans Vestal Ward/Peacock)
    From the Peacock series, Paul T. Goldman as Paul T. Goldman, Jason Woliner as Jason Woliner, photo by: Evans Vestal Ward/Peacock)
  • From the Peacock series, Paul T. Goldman as Paul T. Goldman, Jason Woliner as Jason Woliner, photo by: Evans Vestal Ward/Peacock)
    From the Peacock series, Paul T. Goldman as Paul T. Goldman, Jason Woliner as Jason Woliner, photo by: Evans Vestal Ward/Peacock)
  • Paul T. Goldman and Jason Woliner on the set of Peacock series “Paul T. Goldman.” Cr: Tyler Golden/Peacock
    Paul T. Goldman and Jason Woliner on the set of Peacock series “Paul T. Goldman.” Cr: Tyler Golden/Peacock

READ MORE: Paul T. Goldman Is Hard to Describe, Impossible to Forget, and One Wild Ride: Review (Consequence TV)

MovieWeb’s Matthew Mahler calls it “a mind-melting blend of cringe comedy, character study, and meta documentary.”

Ben Pearson of SlashFilm is not the only critic to call the show “bonkers.” He adds, “Since the rise of streaming, many shows have felt as if they were designed by an algorithm and stretched out with the sole intention of keeping viewers engaged with a platform for as long as possible. Not this one.”

First of all there is the show’s odd format, which combines fiction with sort-of reality, scripted with a behind-the-scenes “making of” docuseries.

“Quirky and odd, the show’s main point feels like the fact we’re all the heroes of our story, at least in our own highly subjective eyes,” Brian Lowry reviews for CNN. “It’s honestly hard to know where to begin in describing the program.”

READ MORE: ‘Paul T. Goldman’ blends fiction and reality in a way that’s as odd as it is funny (CNN Entertainment)

Initially conceived as a feature, the project was then due to be made for Quibi — Jeffrey Katzenberg’s ill-fated shortform mobile video platform. When it folded, Peacock picked the idea up and made it into a six-part limited series backed by Seth Rogan’s production company.

Filmed on and off for a decade, with much of the filming crammed into 15 days last Summer, Woliner hired documentarian Jason Tippet in 2017 to bring his fly-on-the-wall style.

“He’ll find a spot and plant the camera and walk away and just kind of roll until something interesting happens,” the director explained to SlashFilm. “So we decided early on to make him that third camera, he’s the part of the process. Sometimes he would just roam around the set and basically follow Paul and be far enough away that people didn’t feel like they were on camera. But everyone on set knew that was the deal, that they were mic-ed and we were recording behind the scenes.”

READ MORE: Director Jason Woliner’s 10-Year Journey To Make Paul T. Goldman, Peacock’s Most Unusual Show [Exclusive Interview] (SlashFilm)

Goldman had written a book, “Duplicity: A True Story of Crime and Deceit,” about the events, along with a screenplay for a film or TV deal that was ignored by everyone except Woliner.

“Every page had mind-blowing things on it,” Woliner tells MovieWeb. “It’s just kind of an amazing peek into this person’s mind and his experience and his perspective, which in many ways was completely different from my own. And then I would find parts of his book that were completely relatable at its core, being about a desire to be loved and lead what you’d consider a normal life.”

  • PAUL T. GOLDMAN — “Chapter 5: The Chronicles“ Episode 105 — Pictured: Paul T. Goldman as Paul T. Goldman — (Photo by: Evans Vestal Ward/Peacock)
  • Paul T. Goldman as himself and Frank Grillo as Dan Hardwick in “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Peacock
    Paul T. Goldman as himself and Frank Grillo as Dan Hardwick in “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Peacock
  • “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Peacock
    “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Peacock
  • “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Peacock
    “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Peacock
  • Melinda McGraw as Audrey Munson in “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Tyler Golden/Peacock
    Melinda McGraw as Audrey Munson in “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Tyler Golden/Peacock
  • “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Peacock
    “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Peacock
  • “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Peacock
    “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Peacock
  • “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Peacock
    “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Peacock
  • “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Peacock
    “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Peacock
  • “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Peacock
    “Paul T. Goldman,” directed by Jason Woliner. Cr: Peacock
  • From the Peacock series, Paul T. Goldman as Paul T. Goldman, photo by: Evans Vestal Ward/Peacock)
    From the Peacock series, Paul T. Goldman as Paul T. Goldman, photo by: Evans Vestal Ward/Peacock)

Woliner not only decided that he would direct a documentary about his production of Goldman’s story, but that Goldman would write and star in all of it. “It was just like, we are filming his writing, and we’re going to see what it reveals,” he said.

“It really was just this kind of falling in love with his mind and then trying to figure out how to translate that into a series, but in a newer thing that is separate from bad or good.”

A tension, which Woliner was keen to exploit, is about how he as a documentarian (and a director of comedy) is telling the story of Paul telling his story. In his interview with Mahler, he calls the filmmaker the “villain of a documentary,” but admits that the show is ultimately his version.

“It’s me telling the story of him telling his story, but it is all filtered through my own perspective. And at the end of the day, I’m the one controlling the edit and not Paul.”

A documentary filmmaker, he says, is “this person who has descended upon the life of a real person and use their life to explore something, to make a point about the human condition or whatever, but they’re the one with all the power, and there is always an imbalance. I hope Paul is happy with the show. I know if he controlled it fully, it would be a very different show.”

READ MORE: Exclusive: Paul T. Goldman Director Jason Woliner Discusses the Making and Meaning of His Mind-Melting Comedy (MovieWeb)

Next, Listen to This


NOW STREAMING — BEHIND THE SCENES OF FAN-FAVORITE SERIES:

As the streaming wars rage on, consumers continue to be the clear winners with an abundance of series ripe for binging. See how your favorite episodics and limited series were brought to the screen with these hand-picked articles plucked from the NAB Amplify archives:
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  • “The Old Man:” Measured, Methodical and Jeff Bridges Punches Everybody
  • “Bad Travelling:” Blur and David Fincher Rewrite the Rules for Animation

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January 23, 2023
Posted January 17, 2023

Virtual Production Is Going Great, But… We Have Some Talent and Tech Challenges



TL;DR

  • Altman Solon’s 2022 Global Film & Video Production Report finds virtual production is on the rise, but the industry faces challenges over sourcing talent and harnessing the power of data.
  • Productions are shifting towards a data-driven approach to improve production forecasting and measure VP success.
  • Virtual production is still in its early days, with widespread adoption limited to specific projects where it’s easily applicable. However, there are emerging trends around how VP is used, the impact it has on projects, and criteria used for deciding when to use it.


READ MORE: Altman Solon Report: Virtual Production Helps Filmmakers and Studios Collaborate, Meet Deadlines, & Cut Costs (Altman Solon)

Virtual production continues to gain traction across the film and TV industries, but the cost of using it remains high and talent with VP experience and training is limited, according to a new Altman Solon report.

Creatives are still be skeptical about incorporating the technologies — and the research finds there’s also a lack of sophisticated data analysis necessary to make the case for virtual production.

The consultancy’s 2022 Global Film & Video Production Report highlights VP as a growing trend in the industry, driven by the need for virtual and collaborative tools to lower production costs, improve timelines, and overcome the limitations of physical production sets.

It surveyed over 100 industry experts with more than three years of experience in virtual production and found that motion capture was the most popular VP technology, with 50% reporting they or their team have used it over the past 12 months.

The second most popular tool, cloud-based editing (48%), has gained favor among production staff because it enables remote collaboration. Three-quarters of respondents identified virtual scouting as a tool that saves money and shortens timelines. Newer technologies like in-camera VFX (42%) and virtual scouting (39%) have lower adoption rates.

Despite the popularity and effectiveness of certain tools, widespread adoption is limited to specific projects where VP is easily applicable — often projects that require many filming locations or sci-fi/fantasy productions.

For small productions, the survey found that travel budget savings can make a virtual production project more economically viable.

“While medium and small stages exist, producers of mid-tier content often lack the readiness and experience to shoot on a Tier 2 or medium stage, and one-off shoots don’t reap the benefits of shooting multiple episodes or seasons on a stage,” the report says.

There are some 84 virtual production stages in the US and another 40 in the UK, however this number also includes smaller “xR stages” used mainly for music videos or commercials, not shows or films.

The report suggests that smaller production studios with limited resources won’t be able to afford a larger stage and may opt for traditional shooting methods or green screens, rendering LED volumes less relevant for the mid- to low-budget markets.

  • Cr: Altman Solon
    Cr: Altman Solon
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    Cr: Altman Solon
  • Cr: Altman Solon
    Cr: Altman Solon
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    Cr: Altman Solon
  • Cr: Altman Solon
    Cr: Altman Solon

READ IT ON AMPLIFY: A Brief Voyage Through the History of Virtual Production

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READ IT ON AMPLIFY: LED Wall Enlightenment: What You Need to Know About ICVFX

Talent Shortage

Because virtual production is still an emerging technology, there is a shortage of talent with “hands-on” experience in the industry, creating staffing challenges for production studios. Additionally, the broader industry has historically lacked diversity in terms of race and gender, creating a talent funnel issue when trying to hire candidates of diverse backgrounds for VP-specific roles.

Instead, most respondents are now looking for candidates in adjacent industries like gaming, AR/VR, animation, automotive and transport, and architecture, among others, and through on-campus recruitment to find candidates with the necessary technical skills. Candidates from industries that use real-time gaming technology and are familiar with the workflows are desirable for VP roles.

“Virtual production is the future of global filmmaking but how and when it maximizes its potential will be determined by the industry’s ability to attract talent to this new field,” said Altman Solon director Derek Powell.

“It’s clear that the networking-heavy approach used in Hollywood for generations will not deliver the VP workforce needed now and in the future. The good news is that studios are employing new and creative recruiting techniques, including better outreach to candidates with diverse backgrounds.”

Virtual Production as Part of a Data-Driven Strategy

Because of virtual production, studios now have more access to data, opening the opportunity to gather data across the production process and run analytics to uncover insights for more informed decision-making.

That’s a change, since historically, production studios didn’t collect technical production data. VP can be used to collect and leverage production data that identifies possible efficiencies (for example, using lens metadata and lighting parameters defined in the gaming engine to make corrections in post-production). According to the report, there is potential for productions to use VP data to automate processes in post-production that in the past were done with creative teams, thus saving time and money.

However, while VP tools enable great collection of data versus traditional production methods, production teams hit roadblocks when collecting it. According to the survey, the top three limitations to collecting data are “lack of business intelligence strategy” (62%), “lack of business intelligence impact” (49%), and “lack of training and execution” (45%).

“All these inhibitors are characteristic of organizations with immature business intelligence and data strategies,” finds the consultancy — which would no doubt offer its services to assist in this regard. “This indicates that while production teams have the tools to gather and analyze data, they are still nascent in this area and slowly transitioning to be more data-driven.”

This matters most when budget forecasting, which was the top data-usage focus of VP executives surveyed. Altman Solon says: “In traditional productions, variables associated with set design, shooting, travel, and logistics can change greatly when a shooting location needs to change or if a scene needs to be reshot, which can include bringing talent and crews back to a location. For these reasons, using data to improve budget forecasting was the top-ranked selection in the survey.”

Other Issues Highlighted in the Report

Currently, there are no standard virtual production processes, and each production has its own unique process structure. Data security is also a concern for half the respondents, largely due to the use of cloud-based tools, which some users perceive as having weaker security controls than on-premises solutions. Similarly, just under 50% of respondents expressed concern over the potential for customizable workflow configurations since cloud-based tools have fewer customization capabilities.

Next, Listen to This

Epic Games’ Los Angeles Lab Director Connie Kennedy and American Cinematographer Virtual Production Editor Noah Kadner join us to talk about the confluence of practical and virtual production, and help shed some light on what virtual production actually is — and isn’t.

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A Brief Voyage Through the History of Virtual Production
A Brief Voyage Through the History of Virtual Production

The use of LED walls and LED volumes — a major component of virtual production — can be traced directly back to the front- and rear-projection techniques common throughout much of the 20th century.

Behind the Scenes (and Screens) of Netflix’s “1899”
Behind the Scenes (and Screens) of Netflix’s “1899”

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Leave a Comment on Virtual Production Is Going Great, But… We Have Some Talent and Tech Challenges
January 31, 2023
Posted January 12, 2023

“Copenhagen Cowboy:” Neon, Neo-Noir, and Nefarious



TL;DR

  • Nicolas Winding Refn’s “Copenhagen Cowboy” for Netflix is noir-thriller drama and the Danish director’s second television series through a streaming platform.
  • The superheroes (and villains) are ultra-stylized and neon-saturated, and the pacing is glacial.
  • Refn wants to maintain his autonomy and independence as a filmmaker, and says the Hollywood system is falling apart desperately.


Danish director Nicolas Winding Refn says that the characters in his new Netflix series, Copenhagen Cowboy, are a “female evolution” of characters from previous projects such as Drive, Valhalla Rising and Only God Forgives.

So, that could only mean one thing: stylized ultra-violence.

“I’ve done films in the past with a certain type of character that was first played by Mads Mikkelsen in Valhalla Rising on one hand and then Ryan Gosling played him as a driver in Drive and then Vithaya [Pansringarm] played him as a lieutenant in Only God Forgives,” Refn explained during the Venice Film Festival premiere of the series, as reported by Diana Lodderhose at Deadline.

Copenhagen Cowboy is his take on a superhero show. He continued, “So, I was working with Robert Wade and Neal Purvis, on a larger female evolution of that character and then suddenly one night, I was like, ‘Maybe I should try to do a version of it as female and not just one but many.’ And that was the kind of aspiration to do it.”

READ MORE: ‘Copenhagen Cowboy’: Nicolas Winding Refn Says Netflix Series Is A “Female Evolution” Of Characters From ‘Valhalla Rising,’ Drive’ And ‘Only God Forgives’ (Deadline)

Dubbed by critics as a neon-noir or acid western, though described by the Danish filmmaker as “poetic neo-noir,” the series, which launched on January 5, revolves around a young heroine called Miu (Angela Bundalovic) on a search for justice after a lifetime of servitude.

“I think that the [superhero] genre, like fairy tales… it’s a reflection of us as a society and it mirrors our desires and it’s our fantasies and it’s everything that’s really interesting because it’s heightened reality,” Refn noted.

It’s not for everyone.

“[Y]our enjoyment of Copenhagen Cowboy will go as far as you can tolerate Refn’s visual aesthetic,” Sean Price writes in his review for The Spool. “The primary colors that paint the entire frame with a neon glow, the pulsing Cliff Martinez score, and of course, the Miami Vice font.”

But even Price acknowledges the show’s vibe is not without its virtues.

“There may not be substance behind the style, but it goes a long way when your style includes Cliff Martinez,” whose score he says “does most of the emotional heavy lifting” for Copenhagen Cowboy.

READ MORE: Nicolas Winding Refn returns to Denmark for a surreal journey of revenge in Copenhagen Cowboy (The Spool)

Fleeing Hollywood for Freedom

The show is shot in Denmark, is produced by his wife Liv Corfixen, and also features his daughters Lola and Lizzielou Corfixen. It’s also a product of the pandemic and streaming’s content creation boom.

Refn told Deadline‘s Crew Call podcast that he pitched the idea to the newly formed Netflix Nordic when he “really didn’t know how the world was going to turn out.” The Netflix Nordic was sold on the idea of a new narrative borne out The Pusher trilogy, and after a five-month stint with an all female writing team, Copenhagen Cowboy was brought to set.

“We had a great crew and, in a way, there is something very easy about working in the Scandinavian model because we are not so many people and I like that kind of smaller components of productions and so forth. It was just very pleasant.”

  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn., courtesy of Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn., courtesy of Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Magnus Nordenhof Jønck/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Christian Geisnaes/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Christian Geisnaes/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Christian Geisnaes/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Christian Geisnaes/Netflix
  • “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Christian Geisnaes/Netflix
    “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Christian Geisnaes/Netflix

In an interview with Anthony D’Alessandro for Deadline, Refn was asked if he ever considered making a mainstream superhero project.

“I’ve always cherished my independence,” he replied. “I think waking up in the morning and going to work and paint the way you want it to look and go home, is still the most satisfying experience ever.

“If you don’t have the power of control at the end of the day or the ability to manipulate into your favor, it is committee. You have to spend your entire day struggling to get a compromise across, then what example am I to my own kids?”

He also added that he thought the studio system is not in good shape, commenting, “Hollywood is very seductive and intoxicating, but it’s also a system that’s falling apart desperately,” Refn said. “And I think they’re doing it to themselves more than anything else.”

Making a Netflix Hit and Surviving for Season 2

A cynic might wonder if Refn’s analysis of Hollywood is in some way influenced by studios that are less apt to write him a blank check for a niche production. The Ringer’s Miles Surrey describes his previous lavish budgets as “a blank check that came out of nowhere and wasn’t necessarily earned.”

Surrey writes, “Whether or not Refn moved to the small screen because he was no longer finding any takers for his feature films, his divisive style is an intriguing fit for the stretched-out length of a TV show.”

But Refn’s Netflix Nordic endeavor seems a bit more right-sized to Surrey. He writes, “Copenhagen Cowboy should be more accessible—and presumably far cheaper to produce—than Refn’s grand Amazon experiment” (meaning his 13-hour Too Old to Die Young).

None of these comments mean that Surrey is panning the show, however. “This is as challenging as television can get, and while it won’t be everyone’s cup of tea, there’s no denying that Refn is utterly singular in his image making. To appreciate a Refn project like Copenhagen Cowboy is to accept that, sometimes, style wins out over substance.”

READ MORE: The Singular Nicolas Winding Refn Experience Arrives on Netflix (The Ringer)

But even Netflix and its competitors are getting more ruthless, and it will be interesting to see if the streamer deems the show a success and, therefore, worthy of a second season.

“[T]he way the story leaves off, it’s clear these six chapters have been planned as part of a multi-season arc, should the Netflix gods be feeling generous,” notes The Hollywood Reporter’s Angie Han.

Collider’s Chase Hutchinson is a fan of the unconventional series, who never the less isn’t holding out a lot of hope for continuing Miu’s storyline: “[T]he series is, to be frank, rather unlikely to find the broadest of audiences which is crucial in a ruthless streaming world ruled increasingly by metrics. Still, no matter what happens in the future, the mere presence of such a show is worth celebrating.”

For Refn’s part, it’s clear he hasn’t gone all-in on a streaming-centric model. He told reporters, “I don’t think theatrical [cinema] will ever go away. I think theatrical will always exist, but it needs to be challenged in order to become better, more sufficient and more meaningful.”

  • On the set of “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Christian Geisnaes/Netflix
    On the set of “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Christian Geisnaes/Netflix
  • On the set of “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Christian Geisnaes/Netflix
    On the set of “Copenhagen Cowboy,” directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. Cr: Christian Geisnaes/Netflix

READ MORE: Nicolas Winding Refn On Saddling Up Netflix Noir Series ‘Copenhagen Cowboy’ & How “Theatrical Will Always Exist” But Hollywood System Is “Falling Apart” (Deadline)

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NOW STREAMING — BEHIND THE SCENES OF FAN-FAVORITE SERIES:

As the streaming wars rage on, consumers continue to be the clear winners with an abundance of series ripe for binging. See how your favorite episodics and limited series were brought to the screen with these hand-picked articles plucked from the NAB Amplify archives:
  • True (True) Crime: Making Dennis Lehane’s “Black Bird”
  • How “The Staircase” Is a True-Crime Drama in All the Ways
  • Building the Insane (But Strangely Familiar) World of “Severance”
  • “The Old Man:” Measured, Methodical and Jeff Bridges Punches Everybody
  • “Bad Travelling:” Blur and David Fincher Rewrite the Rules for Animation

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  • Media Content
  • Television Programming

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January 30, 2023
Posted January 12, 2023

CES 2023: The Consumer Technologies That’ll Impact Your Year

Watch CTA VP of research Steve Koenig’s full presentation here.



TL;DR

  • The Consumer Technology Association thinks enterprise technology will drive innovation forward and help pull the US, if not the world, out of a recession. We’ll turn to robotics, AI, and the metaverse to deal with shortages of skilled workers and other things that have become scarce in the post-pandemic world.
  • The CTA foresees both a “metaverse as a service” and a “metaverse of things.”
  • US technology retail revenues will fall 2.4% to $485 billion in 2023 but remain $50 billion above pre-pandemic levels, despite a looming recession.


The Consumer Technology Association says the world is headed toward a metaverse of things — a combination of sensors in the real world internet of things (IoT) and the virtual world of the 3D internet.

“The metaverse is closer than you think,” said CTA VP of research Steve Koenig, opening the Consumer Electronics Show.

“Metaverse is still a speculative term,” he conceded. “But make no mistake, this is a real trend, just as the internet was a real trend in the early 1990s.”

Keonig said he expects businesses of all types to move beyond digital transformation into a new phase of automation and virtualization, where connected intelligence, quantum computing, autonomous systems and 5G industrial IoT applications will counter the shortage of skilled human workers.

“Twenty years ago, technology was the nice-to-have when it comes to business or the commercial enterprise. Today humans are the nice-to-have,” he said.

“The simple truth is, we can’t hire enough workers if we’re talking about skilled labor and knowledge workers. …Across the global economy, across every economic sector, businesses are struggling to find workers.”

The latest data from the CTA forecasts US technology retail revenues to fall 2.4% to $485 billion this year from $497 billion in 2022 and a peak of $512 billion in 2021. Despite an anticipated recession in the US and inflationary pressures, revenues will remain roughly $50 billion above pre-pandemic levels.

Consumer spending on gaming, video, audio and apps is a high spot and set to grow for the fifth straight year to generate $151 billion in consumer spending.

However, the CTA lowered expectations for sales of related hardware: laptops, LCD TVs, tablets, smartphones and gaming consoles. Despite flat overall TV sales, OLED TV is projected to add $2.3 billion in 2023 revenues as the industry focuses on premium products. As home gaming console sales slow, portable gaming models gain traction with consumers who are spending less time at home since the pandemic began. Portable gaming consoles will generate $1.5 billion in 2023, up 41% over 2022.

READ MORE: CTA Forecasts Lower U.S. Technology Sector Revenues as Industry Fights Inflation (CTA)

Koenig noted that shipping costs are coming down and shortages from the pandemic-induced supply chain maybe be abating.

“The bad news is we are moving from a chip shortage to potentially an oversupply,” Koenig said. “The downside risk of oversupply is we might see chip architectures deferred as we work through this inventory.”

Another growth spot is automotive technology where revenues are projected to rise 4% to $15.5 billion in 2023. Advances in battery technology have allowed producers of electric vehicles to offer increasingly consumer-friendly options, with companies including Panasonic, LG and other companies building infrastructure to support more battery production, the CTA said.

As reported by Lisa Johnston at Consumer Goods Technology, the CTA expect displays to take over vehicle dashboards, with the vehicle cabin serving as the convergence of entertainment and commerce thanks to the layering of 5G, vehicle wireless information exchange, and voice control.

READ MORE: CES 2023: How 5G Will Bring the Metaverse and Future Commerce Into Focus (Consumer Goods Technology)

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January 31, 2023
Posted January 11, 2023

“It’s Like Doing Four Movies in Two Years:” Editing and Post on “Andor”



TL;DR

  • Disney+ series “Andor” goes back five years from the events of “Rogue One: A Star Wars Story,” following the journey of Rebellion hero Cassian Andor.
  • Series creator and showrunner Tony Gilroy and his editor brother, John Gilroy, discuss the intensity of the work involved and how naive they were going in.
  • Editor John Gilroy recounts how the show wasn’t relatable in size to any other medium, film or linear television, describing it as “like doing four movies in two years.”


Currently streaming on Disney+, Andor is a much more substantial series with genuine emotional depth — so it may not appeal to all Star Wars fans.

2016’s Rogue One: A Star Wars Story made the mildly devoted Star Wars fan take another look at the universe. Making two seasons of an episodic filling out the prequel story promised more of the same devotion and the vital backstory we wondered about.

The great news is that this is exactly what has happened with Andor. The Playlist’s Rodrigo Perez talks for all of us new devotees, writing, “A much more adult, serious, dirtier, and complicated look at the Star Wars galaxy and what living under an oppressive regime does to its populace; centering on one of its leads, Rebel Alliance Captain and spy Cassian Andor.”

READ MORE: ‘Andor’ Review: Tony Gilroy Doubles Down On ‘Rogue One & ‘Star Wars’ For Adults In Engaging Spy Thriller About Tyranny (The Playlist)

Showrunner and creator Tony Gilroy explains where Andor sits in the Stars Wars timeline. “It rewinds back five years from the events of Rogue One to follow Cassian Andor on his journey to get to the movie. He’s the one person that the whole Rebel Alliance is going to trust with this assignment. So, he’s the tip of the spear. How did he get to be the tip of the spear? How did he get to have all of the skills that are required for that?”

With the advent of streaming, the ability to do a series that could potentially answer those questions by examining the untold story of the formative years of the Rebellion and the personal history of the hero who gave his life for the cause became more of a reality.

“We’ve done 12 episodes for the first season. The 12 episodes that we’ve done cover one year in time. We’re going to do another twelve that are going to take us over the next four years into Rogue One.”

In a series of interviews, Gilroy and his editor brother, John Gilroy, spill on the intensity of the work involved and how naive they were going in, which ironically helped them cope.

“Scripts just have to be dead tight, just dead tight,” Tony said to Maggie Lovitt at Collider. “I was so naive at the very beginning. I don’t know. I mean, when I think back, what I didn’t know when we started is shocking to me. Really, it’s like I said before, it’s like having kids. If you knew what it was going to be, you wouldn’t do it. Once you do it, you’re like, Oh my God.”

READ MORE: ‘Andor’s Creator Tony Gilroy on When Season 2 Begins Production, Cassian’s Destiny and ‘Rogue One’ (Collider)

  • Diego Luna as Cassian Andor and Adria Arjona as Bix Caleen in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Diego Luna as Cassian Andor and Adria Arjona as Bix Caleen in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Diego Luna as Cassian Andor in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Diego Luna as Cassian Andor in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Diego Luna as Cassian Andor in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Diego Luna as Cassian Andor in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Faye Marsay as Vel Sartha in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Faye Marsay as Vel Sartha in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Matt Lyons as Dewi Pamular and Matt Lyons as Freedi Pamular in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Matt Lyons as Dewi Pamular and Matt Lyons as Freedi Pamular in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Duncan Pow as Melshi and Diego Luna as Cassian Andor in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Duncan Pow as Melshi and Diego Luna as Cassian Andor in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • B2EMO in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    B2EMO in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Andy Serkis as Kino Loy in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Andy Serkis as Kino Loy in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Ebon Moss-Bachrach as Arvel Skeen, Diego Luna as Cassian Andor, Gershwyn Eustache Jr. as Taramyn Barcona, and Alex Lawther as Karis Nemik in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Ebon Moss-Bachrach as Arvel Skeen, Diego Luna as Cassian Andor, Gershwyn Eustache Jr. as Taramyn Barcona, and Alex Lawther as Karis Nemik in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Diego Luna as Cassian Andor and a shoretrooper in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Diego Luna as Cassian Andor and a shoretrooper in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Diego Luna as Cassian Andor with delivery guards Kenny Fullwood and Josh Herdman in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Diego Luna as Cassian Andor with delivery guards Kenny Fullwood and Josh Herdman in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Kyle Soller as Syril Karn and Denise Gough as Supervisor Dedra Meero in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Kyle Soller as Syril Karn and Denise Gough as Supervisor Dedra Meero in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Andy Serkis as Kino Loy in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Andy Serkis as Kino Loy in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Diego Luna as Cassian Andor and Alex Lawther as Karis Nemik in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Diego Luna as Cassian Andor and Alex Lawther as Karis Nemik in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Alastair Mackenzie as Perrin Fertha, Genevieve O'Reilly as Mon Mothma, and Bronte Carmichael as Leida Mothma in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Alastair Mackenzie as Perrin Fertha, Genevieve O’Reilly as Mon Mothma, and Bronte Carmichael as Leida Mothma in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Diego Luna as Cassian Andor and a KX-series Droid in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Diego Luna as Cassian Andor and a KX-series Droid in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Genevieve O'Reilly as Mon Mothma in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Genevieve O’Reilly as Mon Mothma in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Diego Luna as Cassian Andor in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Diego Luna as Cassian Andor in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Stellan Skarsgard as Luthen Rael and Diego Luna as Cassian Andor in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Stellan Skarsgard as Luthen Rael and Diego Luna as Cassian Andor in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Genevieve O'Reilly as Mon Mothma in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Genevieve O’Reilly as Mon Mothma in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
  • Genevieve O'Reilly as Mon Mothma, Bronte Carmichael as Leida Mothma, and Alastair Mackenzie as Perrin Fertha in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+
    Genevieve O’Reilly as Mon Mothma, Bronte Carmichael as Leida Mothma, and Alastair Mackenzie as Perrin Fertha in “Andor.” Cr: Disney+

Brother John, who edited four episodes (and was the finisher on the rest), also saw the strength of scripts that were watertight, as he told Sarah Shachat, host of IndieWire’s “Filmmaker Toolkit” podcast.  “Finding the tempo of the show was really not hard in the cutting room because a lot of it was written and executed so well,” he said.

In fact, there were no scenes that weren’t used in the show. John even joked that there wouldn’t be any DVD extras as there was nothing left to use. “The better the scripts, the less you’re going to have to invent later,” he concluded.

READ MORE: ‘Andor’ Swapped Two Scenes — and It Sparked a Rebel’s Emotional Fire (IndieWire)

John explained to Iain Blair at Post Perspective how the show wasn’t relatable in size to any other medium, film or linear television. “I’ve been on big movies editing for a year, but this was like doing four movies in two years. It was huge, with a lot more people on the post team and a lot more editors — seven in addition to me. You work the same way as a movie, but you delegate more, and there are a lot of moving parts. You’re always overlapping with one or two or more blocks at a time, so there’s a lot of place-setting,” he said.

“They put a lot of money into this, but not as much as in a big feature, so the way you make up for that is that the TV schedules are longer. All the VFX shots took a very long time, but we had more time to get it all right. It’s the same thing with the sound. The sound crew is smaller, but all the prep is far more spread out.”

READ MORE: Andor Editor/Producer John Gilroy Talks Post Workflow (Post Perspective)

During an episode of “The Rogue Ones: A Star Wars Andor Podcast,” John described his work practice and how he cut his episodes together. “For me it’s a feel, it’s instinctual. When I’m cutting a show I’m actually watching it in super slow motion kind of. It’s like watching a glacier move, but it’s moving in my head as I’m building it,” he said.

“It might be one of my superpowers but I can watch something over and over again and I’m really good at keeping my bearings and keeping objective,” he added. “You’ve also got to know when it’s done and not walk past the truth, I think I have a pretty good sense of that. There’s so much work to do but you could mess about with something forever, I’ve seen people do it, believe me.”

READ MORE: ‘Andor’: Editor John Gilroy Talks Being ‘Rogue One’ Fixer & Building ‘Andor’ From The Ground Up [The Rogue Ones Podcast] (The Playlist)

Speaking to Shachat on the IndieWire “Filmmaker Toolkit” podcast, the brothers discussed the score and how “spotting it,” or cueing the score, was so important.

“We had to learn how to spot differently on this than we had been trained to do making movies. If you spot normally a lot of times you can have a scene, say an eight page scene and you spot it like a movie and you put good music too soon all of a sudden the scene just disappears, it just washes out,” Tony said.

He challenged the music fans to watch how late they spotted. John agreed that the scenes were longer and you didn’t want to run out of gas. “You feel that it’s sometimes better when it’s dry for the first few minutes,” he said.

But less definitive was the process of dealing with so much content that needed editing, and were there options for each shot to deal with as well? “It’s the kind of shooting plan they would have on a big movie. But on a big movie they would have four shooting plans or at least a back-up. They would then shoot the crap out of it,” Tony said.

“Ours is the opposite of that and is very specific,” he continued. “We were always trying to find points of entry to start us off. Like the gloves on the wall in Ferrix, where you would hang them after working a shift. In your imagination that’s where your father or your mother hanged their gloves before you. It was that obsessiveness we were after that slowly built-out their culture.”

The Playlist’s Perez sums up what this gem of a Star Wars episodic means to him, and encourages everyone to watch it, even super-fans. “If Andor is slow to start, it ignites with fury in episodes three and four, paving the way to a show that, so far, feels gripping in its tension and resolve,” he writes in his review.

“It’s debatable if the series will be embraced universally by all Star Wars fans, but if you’ve been disenchanted by most of the Disney-era Lucasfilm projects — or at least craving something more substantive with depth — Andor is likely a provocative one that will light a fire under you, and compel you to sit up and take notice.”

Next, Listen to This:


NOW STREAMING — BEHIND THE SCENES OF FAN-FAVORITE SERIES:

As the streaming wars rage on, consumers continue to be the clear winners with an abundance of series ripe for binging. See how your favorite episodics and limited series were brought to the screen with these hand-picked articles plucked from the NAB Amplify archives:
  • True (True) Crime: Making Dennis Lehane’s “Black Bird”
  • How “The Staircase” Is a True-Crime Drama in All the Ways
  • Building the Insane (But Strangely Familiar) World of “Severance”
  • “The Old Man:” Measured, Methodical and Jeff Bridges Punches Everybody
  • “Bad Travelling:” Blur and David Fincher Rewrite the Rules for Animation

Next, Watch This:

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  • Post Production
  • Television Programming
  • Animation and VFX / 3D Graphics
  • Editing
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“Bullet Train” Editor Elísabet Ronaldsdóttir Speeds Through the Action
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Leave a Comment on “It’s Like Doing Four Movies in Two Years:” Editing and Post on “Andor”
January 21, 2023
Posted January 11, 2023

“Aftersun:” How Do You Remake Memories?



TL;DR

  • The emotional weight of the debut feature from Scottish filmmaker Charlotte Wells has been lauded by critics.
  • Wells discusses how she baked certain visual choices either into her script, when she discovered others on set, or during the edit.
  • The indie film is produced by Barry Jenkins’ production company Pastel and bears some of the hallmark’s of his Oscar-winning film “Moonlight.”


Sight and Sound, the prestigious international film magazine, selected Charlotte Wells’ debut feature Aftersun as the best film of 2022.

Inspired by, but not based on, the director’s experiences as the child of young parents, the ‘90s-set film stars newcomer Francesca Corio as Sophie, an 11-year-old girl on a package holiday to Turkey with her father Calum (Paul Mescal).

The film, which also won seven British Indie Film Awards, is described by the magazine as an “exquisitely subtle yet deeply affecting and honest depiction of mental illness, father-daughter love, and memory.”

READ MORE: The 50 best films of 2022 (Sight & Sound)

Developed and produced with the support of the BFI Film Fund, using funds from the National Lottery, Aftersun was one of the most talked about films at last year’s Cannes Film Festival and was picked up for international distribution by A24.

IndieWire’s Eric Kohn judged it “the most evocative look at an adolescent gaze coming to terms with the adult world since Moonlight.”

Several critics compare the way Aftersun paints its characters’ interior lives to that of Moonlight director Barry Jenkins. Not coincidentally, perhaps, Jenkins and his producing partner Adele Romanski served as producers on the film.

The 35-year-old was born and raised in Edinburgh, but moved to the US in 2012 to study film at NYU. There, her standout short films including Laps and Blue Christmas caught the attention of Romanski, who encouraged Wells to develop the script.

“Her short films were pretty fucking brilliant,” Romanski tells Kohn. “I was curious to hear what she was working on and how the storytelling style for her shorts would translate into that longer format. Then we waited patiently for years.”

That was in 2018. Wells finally retreated into a two-week writing frenzy in 2019, but held onto her first draft for another half a year before sending it to Romanski. “I spent six months pretending to rewrite but in actual fact just spellchecking it over and over again,” she said.

Her film is very much about memory — how certain moments stay with us forever, but also how our interpretation of events can differ from what actually happened. The story’s “beautiful elusiveness — its accumulation of seemingly inconsequential fragments that gradually accrue in emotional power,” per Tom Grierson in the Los Angeles Times, makes it a difficult movie to encapsulate, even for its maker.

READ MORE: How director and star create emotional power with glimpses of memories in ‘Aftersun’ (Los Angeles Times)

Deadline’s Damon Wise isn’t the only interviewer to observe Wells appearing “somewhat shell-shocked by her film’s progress in the world,” adding “I’m actually a little in awe of the fact that this film has — and could — reach so many people.”

That’s perhaps because, as she tells Marshall Shaffer at Slant Magazine, “Mental health struggles are messy, symptoms overlap and diagnoses are often [incorrect]. It’s incredibly difficult to pinpoint many mental illnesses.”

READ MORE: Interview: Charlotte Wells on Delineating Memory and Story in Aftersun (Slant Magazine)

  • Frankie Corio as Sophie and Paul Mescal as Calum in writer-director Charlotte Wells’ debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24
    Frankie Corio as Sophie and Paul Mescal as Calum in writer-director Charlotte Wells’ debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24
  • Frankie Corio as Sophie and Paul Mescal as Calum in writer-director Charlotte Wells’ debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24
    Frankie Corio as Sophie and Paul Mescal as Calum in writer-director Charlotte Wells’ debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24
  • Frankie Corio as Sophie in writer-director Charlotte Wells’ debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24
    Frankie Corio as Sophie in writer-director Charlotte Wells’ debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24
  • Paul Mescal as Calum in writer-director Charlotte Wells’ debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24
    Paul Mescal as Calum in writer-director Charlotte Wells’ debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24
  • Paul Mescal as Calum in writer-director Charlotte Wells’ debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24
    Paul Mescal as Calum in writer-director Charlotte Wells’ debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24
  • Frankie Corio as Sophie and Paul Mescal as Calum in writer-director Charlotte Wells’ debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24
    Frankie Corio as Sophie and Paul Mescal as Calum in writer-director Charlotte Wells’ debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24
  • Frankie Corio as Sophie and Paul Mescal as Calum in writer-director Charlotte Wells’ debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24
    Frankie Corio as Sophie and Paul Mescal as Calum in writer-director Charlotte Wells’ debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24
  • Writer-director Charlotte Wells on the set of her debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24
    Writer-director Charlotte Wells on the set of her debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24
  • Writer-director Charlotte Wells on the set of her debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24
    Writer-director Charlotte Wells on the set of her debut feature, “Aftersun.” Cr: A24

Of the film’s deliberate ambiguity Wells says to Alex Denney of AnotherMag, “I think inherent in whatever style it is that I have there is space for people to bring their own experiences. It’s both conscious and not: I think when you avoid a certain kind of exposition it does create ambiguity and people will fill that ambiguity with their own experiences, their own reference points that they enter the cinema with.”

Withholding information “is kind of the point of the film” she tells IndieWire. “I think the ambiguity is inherent in the subtlety and my aversion to exposition. But for me, the answers are all in the film.”

Her reticence to talk in concrete terms about her work is also warning not to label it an autobiography. “It’s very much fiction, but rooted in experience and memory,” she reveals to Denney. “It’s personal in that the feeling is mine and I allowed my own memories and anecdotes through all of childhood to form the kind of skeleton outline [of the first draft]. But after that point it did become very much about the story I was trying to tell, and that frequently required pushing it away from my own experience.”

Cinematographer Gregory Oke records on lush 35mm and partly masks Calum’s appearance throughout the film, rendering him as a semi-ghostly presence.

“We worked hard to keep Calum at arm’s length, to keep more physical distance between him and the camera in order to create the feeling that he is in some sense unknowable,” Wells tells Denney.

READ MORE: Charlotte Wells on Aftersun: “Grief Doesn’t Exist without the Joy” (AnOther)

Interspersed throughout the narrative is a jarring dreamlike rave sequence, which finds the adult Sophie confronting her father under strobe lights on the crowded dancefloor.

“In a lot of ways, there was a mystery to the process of discovering exactly what this was,” Wells explains to IndieWire. “So much of the process found its way into the film. The process of rooting through the past and memories and allowing some to rise to the surface, transforming them or reframing them.”

Noting Aftersun’s impressionistic style, Deadline’s Wise wonders whether Wells achieved that by taking things away in the edit, or scripting it.

“Both,” is her reply. “I didn’t shoot anything I didn’t want to be in the film. But there is plenty that isn’t in the final cut, that was lost in service of the edit. There were discoveries in the edit that were originally just strategies that we used to solve problems but which ended up being quite a meaningful strategy in terms of creating a sense of memory.”

READ MORE: Charlotte Wells On The Surprise Success Of Her Festival Hit ‘Aftersun’: “I’m A Little In Awe” (Deadline)

The way Aftersun deceptively drifts from scene to scene — punctuated by meditative cutaways of shots like a person’s hand or a random passerby yelling at their child kid — are all painstakingly crafted.

“Some of [those shots] were whole scenes reduced to an image,” Wells tells IndieWire’s Kohn. “Some were details in the script, and some were discovered on set based on months, if not years, of conversations with my cinematographer.”

When it’s suggested the deft execution of Aftersun feels like a magic trick, she demurs. “I don’t have an answer as to what it is,” she says. “We didn’t set out to pull off an emotional heist.”

READ MORE: Barry Jenkins and Adele Romanski Had to Give Up on ‘Aftersun’ Before Charlotte Wells Could Finish It (IndieWire)

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LIGHTS, CAMERA, ACTION! SPOTLIGHT ON FILM PRODUCTION:

From the latest advances in virtual production to shooting the perfect oner, filmmakers are continuing to push creative boundaries. Packed with insights from top talents, go behind the scenes of feature film production with these hand-curated articles from the NAB Amplify archives:
  • “Decision To Leave:” Park Chan-wook’s Love Story/Detective Story
  • Fantastic Fantasía: Making Alejandro González Iñárritu’s “Bardo”
  • “The Banshees of Inisherin:“ Martin McDonagh Tells a Wonderful/Terrible Tale
  • Control and Chaos: Todd Field on “Tár”
  • Family Pictures: James Gray’s “Armageddon Time”
  • She Stoops to Conquer: Gina Prince-Bythewood Goes to War for “The Woman King”
  • The Revolution Will Be Televised: Making the Immersive, Explosive “Athena”

  • Content Creation
  • Create
  • Acquisition and Production
  • Media Content
  • Motion Picture/ Film Production

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Leave a Comment on “Aftersun:” How Do You Remake Memories?
January 11, 2023
Posted January 10, 2023

Tech Resolutions for 2023: Learn to Trust Our AI Colleagues



TL;DR

  • The degree to which businesses and workers learn to trust their AI “colleagues” could play an important role in their business success.
  • Mistrust of AI can come from business leaders, front-line workers, and consumers. Regardless of its origin, it can dampen enterprises’ AI enthusiasm and, in turn, adoption.
  • AI will progress to exhibiting empathic emotional intelligence and then to general-purpose AI, which stands to deliver versatile systems that can learn and imitate a collection of previously uniquely human traits.


READ MORE: Tech Trends 2023 Prologue – A brief history of the future (Deloitte)

We spent the last 10 years trying to get machines to understand us better. It looks like the next decade might be more about innovations that help us understand machines, Deloitte predicts in its end-of-year Future Trends report.

Few business leaders doubt AI’s abilities to contribute to the team, and Deloitte says there’s plenty of evidence suggesting businesses that use AI pervasively throughout their operations perform at a higher level than those that don’t. But there’s a trust issue when implementing AI into the workforce. Specifically, enterprises have a hard time trusting AI with mission-critical tasks.

In short, if humans don’t trust machines or think they’re making the right call, it won’t be used.

“With AI tools increasingly standardized and commoditized, few businesses may realize true competitive gains from crafting a better algorithm,” the report states. “Instead, what will likely differentiate the truly AI-fueled enterprise from its competition will be how robustly it uses AI throughout its processes. The key element here, which has developed much slower than machine learning technology, is trust.”

Deloitte elaborates the argument. Computers were once seen as more or less infallible machines whose calculations were never wrong that simply processed discrete inputs into discrete outputs.

As algorithms increasingly shoulder probabilistic tasks such as object detection, speech recognition, and image and text generation, the real impact of AI applications may depend on how much their human colleagues understand and agree with what they’re doing.

“What may matter in the future is not who can craft the best algorithm, but rather who can use AI most effectively.”

In that case, developing processes that leverage AI in transparent and explainable ways will be key to spurring adoption.

One of the biggest clouds hanging over AI today is its black-box problem. Because of how certain algorithms train, it can be very difficult, if not impossible, to understand how they arrive at a recommendation.

“Asking workers to do something simply because the great and powerful algorithm behind the curtain says to is likely to lead to low levels of buy-in.”

How to make AI more trusted. Cr: Deloitte Analysis
How to make AI more trusted. Cr: Deloitte Analysis

How does this lack of trust manifest itself in the creative industries and its increasing use of generative AI tools like OpenAI’s DALL-E 2 image generator and GPT-3 text generator.

“In many cases, generative AI is proving itself in areas that were once thought to be automation-proof,” says Deloitte. “Even poets, painters, and priests are finding no job will be untouched by machines.”

That does not mean, however, that these jobs are going away, the report insists. “Even the most sophisticated AI applications today can’t match humans when it comes to purely creative tasks such as conceptualization, and we’re still a long way off from AI tools that can unseat humans in jobs in these areas.”

The prevailing approach to bringing in new AI tools is to position them as assistants, not competitors.

“Workers and companies that learn to team with AI and leverage the unique strengths of both AI and humans may find that we’re all better together,” says Deloitte. Think about the creative, connective capabilities of the human mind combined with AI’s talent for production work. We’re seeing this approach come to life in the emerging role of the prompt engineer.”

As enterprises consider adopting these capabilities, they could benefit from thinking about how users will interact with them and how that will impact trust.

“Think of deploying AI like onboarding a new team member,” the consultancy advises. “We know generally what makes for effective teams: openness, rapport, the ability to have honest discussions, and a willingness to accept feedback to improve performance. Implementing AI with this framework in mind may help the team view AI as a trusted copilot critic.”

For some businesses, the functionality offered by emerging AI tools could be game-changing. But a lack of trust could ultimately derail these ambitions.

Deloitte also addresses the longer term future of AI, which it characterizes as “exponential intelligence.”

“Affective AI — empathic emotional intelligence — will result in machines with personality and charm,” says Mike Bechtel, Deloitte’s chief futurist. “We’ll eventually be able to train mechanical minds with uniquely human data — the smile on a face, the twinkle in an eye, the pause in a voice — and teach them to discern and emulate human emotions. Or consider generative AI: creative intelligence that can write poetry, paint a picture, or score a soundtrack.”

After that, we may see the rise of general-purpose AI: intelligence that has evolved from simple math to polymath. Today’s AI is capable of single-tasking, good at playing chess or driving cars but unable to do both. General-purpose AI stands to deliver versatile systems that can learn and imitate a collection of previously uniquely human traits.

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EXPLORING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE:

With nearly half of all media and media tech companies incorporating artificial intelligence into their operations or product lines, AI and machine learning tools are rapidly transforming content creation, delivery and consumption. Find out what you need to know with these essential insights curated from the NAB Amplify archives:
  • AI Is Going Hard and It’s Going to Change Everything
  • Thinking About AI (While AI Is Thinking About Everything)
  • If AI Ethics Are So Important, Why Aren’t We Talking About Them?
  • Superhumachine: The Debate at the Center of Deep Learning
  • Deepfake AI: Broadcast Applications and Implications

  • Content Creation
  • Live Event Production
  • Broadcast
  • Streaming
  • Intelligent Content
  • Management and Systems
  • Al / Machine Learning

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Tech Resolutions for 2023: Make an Immersive Internet for Enterprise
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January 9, 2023

Putting Together the Post Puzzle of “Glass Onion”



TL;DR

  • Film editor Bob Ducsay, ASC, discusses the layers of structure and sleight-of-hand behind “Knives Out: Glass Onion.”
  • Beginning with 2012’s “Looper,” writer-director Rian Johnson has collaborated with Ducsay for more than a decade.
  • To help avoid reshoots during post, Ducsay was embedded with the production team while shooting on location in Greece.


People who seek to explain how to make successful whodunit movies usually compare them to a careful construction of something — a recipe, perhaps, or a puzzle. Writer-director Rian Johnson of Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery expertly spins those plates of cast, suspense, plot, comedy and drama, but has a secret weapon in his movie-building: his film editor of more than a decade, Bob Ducsay.

Ever since taking on editing Johnson’s Looper in 2012, Ducsay has brought his guile and organizational prowess to the partnership, and they were never needed more than for the growing Knives Out series of movies.

Leslie Combemale at the Motion Picture Association’s The Credits has it right when describing Ducsay’s vital part in the success of the franchise, “It is Ducsay, working in partnership with Johnson, who must maintain the story’s nuance and attention to character to preserve the very finely calibrated balance required by a whodunit.”

READ MORE: “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Story” Editor Bob Ducsay on Cutting a Razor Sharp Whodunit (The Credits)

In fact, having Ducsay at his side from the beginning was crucial for The Last Jedi, Johnson tells Variety’s Jazz Tangcay.

“Editing a movie of that size and scope in terms of the VFX work, the post-production process is so much more exponentially complicated. It really becomes a different thing.” Yet despite the grand scale of the film, the characters and stories still needed to work.

Ducsay himself celebrates the successful partnership, “I think one of the most important things, and I don’t wanna say learned, but appreciated about Rian, is how in the construction of the edit, he places such a high emphasis on simplicity. I’ve always thought that was just generally a good goal. Why do you cut? What is it that you’re trying to do by, in a 24th of a second, switching what the audience is seeing?”

READ MORE: Rian Johnson and Bob Ducsay on Editing Down the 4-Hour ‘Looper’ Cut and Filming ‘Glass Onion’ — Creative Collaborators (Variety)

The new movie, Glass Onion, is another tribute, just short of an homage, to Agatha Christie’s books. Especially in the way she would introduce a new book by ignoring what came before. Johnson told a press conference that her story-washing was the way he was able to continue his interpretation of the genre. “The mode in which we were thinking to keep making them was always not to continue the story of the first one, but to treat them the way Agatha Christie treated her books and to do an entirely new mystery every time, a new location, new rogues gallery of characters,” he said.

“It’s not just a change of whodunit. She was mixing genres. She was throwing crazy narrative spins that had never been done in whodunits before. She was really keeping the audience on their toes. Every single book had a whole new reason for being. So, sitting down to write this one, that was kinda the marching orders.”

  • Daniel Craig as Detective Benoit Blanc in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: Netflix
    Daniel Craig as Detective Benoit Blanc in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: Netflix
  • Kate Hudson as Birdie Jay, Jessica Henwick as Peg, Daniel Craig as Detective Benoit Blanc, and Leslie Odom Jr. as Lionel Toussaint in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: John Wilson/Netflix
    Kate Hudson as Birdie Jay, Jessica Henwick as Peg, Daniel Craig as Detective Benoit Blanc, and Leslie Odom Jr. as Lionel Toussaint in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: John Wilson/Netflix
  • Daniel Craig as Detective Benoit Blanc, Dave Bautista as Duke Cody, Edward Norton as Miles Bron, and Madelyn Cline as Whiskey in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: John Wilson/Netflix
    Daniel Craig as Detective Benoit Blanc, Dave Bautista as Duke Cody, Edward Norton as Miles Bron, and Madelyn Cline as Whiskey in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: John Wilson/Netflix
  • Edward Norton as Miles Bron and Daniel Craig as Detective Benoit Blanc in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: Netflix
    Edward Norton as Miles Bron and Daniel Craig as Detective Benoit Blanc in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: Netflix
  • Daniel Craig as Detective Benoit Blanc in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: Netflix
    Daniel Craig as Detective Benoit Blanc in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: Netflix
  • Kate Hudson as Birdie Jay, Leslie Odom Jr. as Lionel Toussaint, and Kathryn Hahn as Claire Debella in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: Netflix
    GLASS ONION: A KNIVES OUT MYSTERY (2022) Kate Hudson as Birdie, LeslieKate Hudson as Birdie Jay, Leslie Odom Jr. as Lionel Toussaint, and Kathryn Hahn as Claire Debella in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: NetflixOdom Jr. as Lionel and Kathryn Hahn as Claire. Cr: Courtesy NETFLIX
  • Edward Norton as Miles Bron in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: Netflix
    Edward Norton as Miles Bron in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: Netflix
  • Kate Hudson as Birdie Jay, Leslie Odom Jr. as Lionel Toussaint, Kathryn Hahn as Claire Debella, Edward Norton as Miles Bron, Jessica Henwick as Peg, Madelyn Cline as Whiskey and Dave Bautista as Duke Cody in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: Netflix
    Kate Hudson as Birdie Jay, Leslie Odom Jr. as Lionel Toussaint, Kathryn Hahn as Claire Debella, Edward Norton as Miles Bron, Jessica Henwick as Peg, Madelyn Cline as Whiskey and Dave Bautista as Duke Cody in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: Netflix
  • Jessica Henwick as Peg, Kate Hudson as Birdie Jay, and Janelle Monáe as Andi Brand in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: John Wilson/Netflix
    Jessica Henwick as Peg, Kate Hudson as Birdie Jay, and Janelle Monáe as Andi Brand in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: John Wilson/Netflix
  • Daniel Craig as Detective Benoit Blanc and Janelle Monáe as Andi Brand in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: John Wilson/Netflix
    Daniel Craig as Detective Benoit Blanc and Janelle Monáe as Andi Brand in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: John Wilson/Netflix
  • Daniel Craig as Detective Benoit Blanc in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: John Wilson/Netflix
    Daniel Craig as Detective Benoit Blanc in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: John Wilson/Netflix
  • Edward Norton as Miles Bron, Madelyn Cline as Whiskey, Kathryn Hahn as Claire Debella, Dave Bautista as Duke Cody, Leslie Odom Jr. as Lionel Toussaint, Jessica Henwick as Peg, Kate Hudson as Birdie Jay, Janelle Monáe as Andi Brand, and Daniel Craig as Detective Benoit Blanc in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: John Wilson/Netflix
    Edward Norton as Miles Bron, Madelyn Cline as Whiskey, Kathryn Hahn as Claire Debella, Dave Bautista as Duke Cody, Leslie Odom Jr. as Lionel Toussaint, Jessica Henwick as Peg, Kate Hudson as Birdie Jay, Janelle Monáe as Andi Brand, and Daniel Craig as Detective Benoit Blanc in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: John Wilson/Netflix
  • Janelle Monáe as Andi Brand, and Madelyn Cline as Whiskey in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: John Wilson/Netflix
    Janelle Monáe as Andi Brand, and Madelyn Cline as Whiskey in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: John Wilson/Netflix
  • Edward Norton as Miles Bron, and Dave Bautista as Duke Cody in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: John Wilson/Netflix
    Edward Norton as Miles Bron, and Dave Bautista as Duke Cody in writer/director Rian Johnson’s “Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery.” Cr: John Wilson/Netflix

However, there’s a particular challenge in presenting a sequel even if it’s based on a clean-slate story. Ducsay explained the challenge to Glenn Garland on the Editors on Editing podcast.

“When it’s a sequel it’s especially difficult because people will think, is it as good as, better or worse than the first movie. To me that was asking a lot and I really felt it. You want to bring the same level of delight to the audience that you gave them in the first movie,” he said.

“We wanted to be really honest with the audience to the point of if you watched it a second time you would notice so much in plain sight that you didn’t see the first time. So that’s the trick, you need to know where the audience was looking at a particular time, what was the audience thinking as well.”

Ducsay used friends and filmmaking colleagues to give him feedback on how his edit was working by throwing preview parties. “So not your typical audience. But they can help identify things that they think will be an issue and also pitch suggestions of how you might fix something.”

READ MORE: Editors on Editing w/“Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery” Editor Bob Ducsay (Pro Video Coalition)

The editor expanded on the idea of placing clues in plain sight in an interview with The Hollywood Reporter’s Carolyn Giardina.

“It was important to us to make sure that the audience didn’t feel cheated,” he said, repeating the idea that the filmmakers wanted to be “as honest as we could be with the audience. We wanted to leave as many things in plain sight as possible without tipping our hand too much. And that really is a tremendous challenge. You really have to understand where people [in the audience] are looking [and] what they are thinking about. And if you know these things or if you have a really good idea of these things, it becomes easier to understand just what you can give away and what you have to withhold. We started getting bolder as we went on, because we were getting away with a lot of things. And when I say ‘getting away,’ it’s not trying to dupe the audience — it’s just putting the information out there and having a good idea that they can’t see it.”

READ MORE: How ‘Glass Onion’ Editor Bob Ducsay Placed Clues in Plain Sight So Audience “Didn’t Feel Cheated” (The Hollywood Reporter)

Cinema is particularly good at playing with time. You just assume you’re in the present when you’re watching something but it could be in another time period, which sometimes creates complications in the edit. “With Glass Onion we had a couple of things that we had to finesse because it was causing confusion not for a huge portion of the audience but enough that it concerned us. Then you have to understand what it is that’s causing them to not be where you want them to be at this moment.”

These complexities needed unpicking on a daily basis during the Glass Onion shoot in Greece, one of the reasons Ducsay was embedded with the production, as he explained to Matt Feury on The Rough Cut podcast. “Essential for Rian is that the editor be on location but it means you have to work at great speed and be thorough; which is hard to do,” he said.

“But we put a particular focus on guidance while the movie is being photographed so he can come in and see how things are progressing. Are we missing any coverage or is there some story point that maybe felt strong on the page but is a little bit more diffused when it’s been photographed. The goal is to come out of the shoot with little or no additional photography needed.” Interestingly, both Glass Onion and Knives Out didn’t have any additional photography.

“All these actors are giving you wonderful things, but sometimes it’s too big, sometimes it’s too small. So we might realize we really need to change a take, so we need to find something that is less of a thing, something that’s smaller, or sometimes it’s just taking it out because it’s the line that does the damage, not the way it was performed. It’s the greatest fun of a film like this when you have a big ensemble cast of great actors across the board. Every single one of them just gives a brilliant performance, but I get to go in there and tune things.”

Ducsay concluded on this chapter of time in the Rian Johnson universe, “Ensemble movies are much more challenging from a character standpoint, you have to keep a lot of balls in the air. You want to get this meal just perfect, all the right flavors and spices and everything just at the right level and it has become over the year my favorite thing about editing as I love actors and I love what they bring as in the detail of character.”

READ MORE: Glass Onion – a Knives Out mystery (The Rough Cut)

Speaking with Ducsay in Deadline’s video series The Process, Johnson revealed that learning how to collaborate with an editor wasn’t something that necessarily come easily to him.

“Johnson famously began making films on tape at a young age, editing them in-camera, and later went on to cut his feature directorial debut, Brick, as well,” Deadline film reporter Matt Grobar notes. “He admits in his chat with Ducsay that he was frustrated as he pressed on in his career by the notion of having to cede control of the editing process to someone else, after having for so many years had his own hands on the material.”

The writer-director described the initial awkwardness he felt about the process as “like playing the piano by telling somebody what keys to press.”

One solution Johnson landed on was to build “elaborate” LEGO structures in order to distract himself from interfering. “If I don’t keep my hands busy, I will go insane while we’re editing,” he said.

“Once I learned the collaborative nature of it and how to work with you, as opposed to through you, it became something where it was additive… just like my relationship with Steve [Yedlin], who’s my cinematographer, or any of the other HODs,” Johnson told Ducsay. “It becomes something where the added voice, the added perspective, the time it takes to talk through it was something that added to the finished product, as opposed to being an obstruction.”

READ MORE: Rian Johnson & ‘Glass Onion’ Editor Bob Ducsay On The Art Of Engineering The Whodunit And Why Johnson Builds Lego Sets While Ducsay Cuts – The Process (Deadline)

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LIGHTS, CAMERA, ACTION! SPOTLIGHT ON FILM PRODUCTION:

From the latest advances in virtual production to shooting the perfect oner, filmmakers are continuing to push creative boundaries. Packed with insights from top talents, go behind the scenes of feature film production with these hand-curated articles from the NAB Amplify archives:
  • “Decision To Leave:” Park Chan-wook’s Love Story/Detective Story
  • Fantastic Fantasía: Making Alejandro González Iñárritu’s “Bardo”
  • “The Banshees of Inisherin:“ Martin McDonagh Tells a Wonderful/Terrible Tale
  • Control and Chaos: Todd Field on “Tár”
  • Family Pictures: James Gray’s “Armageddon Time”
  • She Stoops to Conquer: Gina Prince-Bythewood Goes to War for “The Woman King”
  • The Revolution Will Be Televised: Making the Immersive, Explosive “Athena”

  • Content Creation
  • Create
  • Media Content
  • Post Production
  • Motion Picture/ Film Production
  • Editing
  • Workflow Solutions

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Leave a Comment on Putting Together the Post Puzzle of “Glass Onion”
January 9, 2023
Posted January 9, 2023

How Diffusion Drives Generative AI

AI art


TL;DR

  • Diffusion models replaced GANs (generative adversarial networks) to drive the recent trend in generative AI tools.
  • Diffusion-based AI has also proved adept at composing music and video.
  • The tech has been around for a decade but it wasn’t until OpenAI developed CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training) that diffusion became practical in everyday applications.


READ MORE: A brief history of diffusion, the tech at the heart of modern image-generating AI (TechCrunch)

Text-to-image AI exploded last year as technical advances greatly enhanced the fidelity of art that AI systems could create. At the heart of these systems is a technology called diffusion, which is already being used to auto-generate music and video.

So what is diffusion, exactly, and why is it such a massive leap over the previous state of the art? Kyle Wiggers has done the research at TechCrunch.

We learn that earlier forms of AI technology relied on generative adversarial networks, or GANs. These proved pretty good at creating the first deepfaking apps. For example, StyleGAN, an NVIDIA-developed system, can generate high-resolution head shots of fictional people by learning attributes like facial pose, freckles and hair.

READ MORE: Can you guess which face is real, and which is computer generated? (TechCrunch)

In practice, though, GANs suffered from a number of shortcomings owing to their architecture, says Wiggers. The models were inherently unstable and also needed lots of data and compute power to run and train, which made them tough to scale.

Diffusion rode to the rescue. The tech has actually been around for a decade but it wasn’t until OpenAI developed CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training) that diffusion became practical in everyday applications.

CLIP classifies data — for example, images — to “score” each step of the diffusion process based on how likely it is to be classified under a given text prompt (e.g. “a sketch of a dog in a flowery lawn”).

Wiggers explains that, at the start, the data has a very low CLIP-given score, because it’s mostly noise. But as the diffusion system reconstructs data from the noise, it slowly comes closer to matching the prompt.

“A useful analogy is uncarved marble — like a master sculptor telling a novice where to carve, CLIP guides the diffusion system toward an image that gives a higher score.”

OpenAI introduced CLIP alongside the image-generating system DALL-E. Since then, it’s made its way into DALL-E’s successor, DALL-E 2, as well as open source alternatives like Stable Diffusion.

So what can CLIP-guided diffusion models do? They’re quite good at generating art — from photorealistic imagery to sketches, drawings and paintings in the style of practically any artist.

Researchers have also experimented with using guided diffusion models to compose new music. Harmonai, an organization with financial backing from Stability AI, the London-based startup behind Stable Diffusion, released a diffusion-based model that can output clips of music by training on hundreds of hours of existing songs. More recently, developers Seth Forsgren and Hayk Martiros created a hobby project dubbed Riffusion that uses a diffusion model cleverly trained on spectrograms — visual representations — of audio to generate tunes.

READ MORE: Try ‘Riffusion,’ an AI model that composes music by visualizing it (TechCrunch)

Researchers have also applied it to generating videos, compressing images and synthesizing speech. Diffusion may be replaced with a more efficient machine learning technique but the exploration has only just begun.

READ MORE: Video Diffusion Models (arXivLabs)

READ MORE: Better than JPEG? Researcher discovers that Stable Diffusion can compress images (Ars Technica)

READ MORE: FastDiff: A Fast Conditional Diffusion Model for High-Quality Speech Synthesis (arXivLabs)

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AI ART — I DON’T KNOW WHAT IT IS BUT I KNOW WHEN I LIKE IT:

Even with AI-powered text-to-image tools like DALL-E 2, Midjourney and Craiyon still in their relative infancy, artificial intelligence and machine learning is already transforming the definition of art — including cinema — in ways no one could have ever predicted. Gain insights into AI’s potential impact on Media & Entertainment in NAB Amplify’s ongoing series of articles examining the latest trends and developments in AI art
  • What Will DALL-E Mean for the Future of Creativity?
  • Recognizing Ourselves in AI-Generated Art
  • Are AI Art Models for Creativity or Commerce?
  • In an AI-Generated World, How Do We Determine the Value of Art?
  • Watch This: “The Crow” Beautifully Employs Text-to-Video Generation



  • Content Creation
  • Intelligent Content
  • Management and Systems
  • Media Content
  • Al / Machine Learning

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Leave a Comment on How Diffusion Drives Generative AI
January 9, 2023
Posted January 5, 2023

Next-Gen (Generated) Creativity: The AI Imagery and Text Tool Combo



TL;DR

  • OpenAI lead researcher Mark Chen speaks to The Atlantic’s Ross Andersen at the Progress Summit 2022 about how tools like DALLE-2 and Chat GPT-3 are being used.
  • Artists who use generative tools will still be able to rise above the crowd and make money because their innate talent means that they are better at using tools like DALL-E 2.
  • Artist Don Allen Stevenson explains some of the ways AI tools can be used to boost the ideation process and create CG virtual worlds for the metaverse.


Breakthroughs in text-to-image and language modeling technology such as DALL-E 2 have astonished us this year. OpenAI lead researcher Mark Chen speaks to The Atlantic’s Ross Andersen at the Progress Summit 2022, and says that while AI democratizes art for all, artists are producing the better final product.

Chen describes the process of training the tool on several hundred million images, a combination of licensed and publicly available media, which — importantly — have text (metadata) descriptions so that the AI associates word prompts with the images.

DALL-E 2 knows what individual objects are “and is able to combine things in ways that it hasn’t seen in the training set before,” says Chen. “That’s part of the magic of AI, that you can kind of generalize beyond what you trained it on.”

There’s an art to training neural networks, too, he implies. “You want to make these them big enough so they’re basically have enough base intelligence to be able to compose all of these elements together.”

If there’s an art to scaling these big models, there’s also an art to writing prompts. Evolving from single-sentence descriptions, creators are now attaching concepts like the mood they want or very specific details or textures. Prompts can now run for several paragraphs.

“I think it’s really about personalization… all these adjectives that you’re adding [into a prompt] helps you personalize the output to what you want. It makes sense that prompts have grown in length and in specificity. It’s a tool to help people create the content that they want for themselves.”

Addressing the controversial issue surrounding whether artist’s should be recognized, or paid, when their work is used to inspire an AI artwork, Chen defends OpenGI’s approach, saying the organization works closely with the art community.

“Our goal isn’t to stiff artists or anything like that. Throughout the whole release process we want to be very conscientious and work with the artists and have them provide feedback.”

However, Chen also suggests that artists who use generative tools will still be able to rise above the crowd and make money because their innate talent means that they are better at using them. DALL-E 2, in other words, is — like a paintbrush or a video camera — a tool.

“With DALL-E, we found that artists are better at using these tools than the general population. We’ve seen some of the best artwork coming out of these systems basically produced by artists,” Chen says.

“With AI you always worry about job loss and displacement and we don’t want to ignore these possibilities but we do think it’s a tool,” he continues.

“You know, there are smartphone cameras but [that] really hasn’t replaced photographers. [Instead] it allows people to make the images they want.”

Chen then turns to Chat GPT-3, OpenGI’s AI algorithm that turns text prompts into whole written articles, or scripts, or poems.

One idea would be to combine GPT-3 with DALL-E 2 “so maybe you have a conversational kind of interface for generating images,” says Chen.

Artist Don Allen Stevenson joins the presentation at the 16-minute mark and runs through some of the ways AI tools can be used, essentially as a way to boost the ideation process. He says there are entire departments in animation that can benefit from using AI such as creating background characters, composing scenes, concept art, environment design, and reference modelling. Out Painting, a technique used in DALL-E 2, can extend and scale an image automatically in ways the artist may not have imagined.

He also explains how you can use Chat GPT-3 to generate better prompts. There are examples, too, of how these techniques can produce, rapidly, the virtual worlds which will populate the metaverse.




AI ART — I DON’T KNOW WHAT IT IS BUT I KNOW WHEN I LIKE IT:

Even with AI-powered text-to-image tools like DALL-E 2, Midjourney and Craiyon still in their relative infancy, artificial intelligence and machine learning is already transforming the definition of art — including cinema — in ways no one could have ever predicted. Gain insights into AI’s potential impact on Media & Entertainment in NAB Amplify’s ongoing series of articles examining the latest trends and developments in AI art
  • What Will DALL-E Mean for the Future of Creativity?
  • Recognizing Ourselves in AI-Generated Art
  • Are AI Art Models for Creativity or Commerce?
  • In an AI-Generated World, How Do We Determine the Value of Art?
  • Watch This: “The Crow” Beautifully Employs Text-to-Video Generation



  • Content Creation
  • Intelligent Content
  • Management and Systems
  • Al / Machine Learning

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AI as An Art Form: Just Think of It as Creativity 2.0
AI as An Art Form: Just Think of It as Creativity 2.0

With companies like Microsoft integrating AI tools such as DALL-E 2 into their products, “Creativity As A Service” has finally arrived.

Digital Content at Scale Will Require Creative Use(s) of AI
Digital Content at Scale Will Require Creative Use(s) of AI

Recent advances in tools using artificial intelligence point the way forward to populating the metaverse with digital content.

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January 3, 2023

Web3 Amplified: New Models for Fan Engagement

Watch this: Lori H. Schwartz in Conversation With Stephanie Pereira



TL;DR

  • Decentralization is a hallmark of Web3. Individuals, not companies, will own their own data and digital goods.
  • Web3 offers many opportunities for creators and brands to engage with their audiences and track fandom.
  • POAP tokens and play-to-earn models are practical ways to reward highly engaged fans with exclusive content or other perks.


In this episode of Web3 Amplified, Lori H. Schwartz chats with Stephanie Pereira about creating new models for fan engagement. They also discuss how the blockchain will change users’ experience of digital ownership and creators’ ability to monetize their content.

Pereira is vice president of operations at Tellie, which offers a no-code Web3 starter kit including tools for funding, community building, and storytelling. Before joining Tellie, Pereira was vice president of creator success at Rally, a Web3 resource for minting tokens and NFTs.

Beyond her Web3 experience, Pereira was director of New Museum’s NEW INC, where she co-founded extended reality studio and accelerator, ONX Studio; and was an early hire at Kickstarter, heading up creator outreach, international partnerships, and creator education.

Tellie’s Role in the Web3 Transition

At Tellie, ‟We think that people deserve to capture the value they’re creating,” Pereira explains.

However, she notes that the ‟current system,” which is centered on third-party platforms, such as TikTok, YouTube and Instagram, offers ‟incredibly exciting and powerful” opportunities for creators to have huge followings. But there’s a hitch: Web2’s social media companies don’t allow creators to own or control their audiences, which affects their bottom line.

‟I think the future of the creator economy hinges on responding to that problem,” Pereira says.

Tellie seeks to contribute to that solution via its toolkit, which creates both Web2 and Web3 websites. It utilizes ‟the traditional Web2 [tech] stack” and includes ‟easy copy+paste embed tools” to feature ‟any kind of content” online. But because it’s built on the blockchain — Tellie currently supports Ethereum, Polygon, Avalanche (C-Chain), and Binance Smart Chain token — users ‟can mint and sell NFTs, and then you can also create token gated content or content that’s accessible only to people who either hold your NFT or social token,” Pereira explains.

What’s Different in Web3

‟I think that Web3 feels like a way to… shift paradigm and shift the narrative,” Pereira says.

One major feature of Web3 is decentralization.

In a Web2 internet, ‟your identity is really, truly spread across the web. Right? It might [be] on a number of social platforms [or] it might live within specific media content… that you create.” However, in Web3, creators host their content on the blockchain, which means their creations are ‟distributed and programmable” rather than tied to one website or platform.

In Web3, Pereira says, ‟Anywhere that you can connect a blockchain wallet, you can create access and opportunity for people.”

Blockchain Wallets

‟The wallet is critical” for Web3, Pereira says. (So understanding how it works is too.)

Today, in 2023, ‟You go to YouTube, you log in, and that’s how you sort of open the door to all the videos that you’ve watched, all the likes that you’ve done, like, all the subs that you have, all the comments that you’ve left,” Pereira says. ‟They’re all sort of accessed through that login.”

Web3 flips that script on its head. In the future, users will own their own data (what they’ve watched, liked, subscribed to and shared) and store that information in their wallet. So a hypothetical future visit to YouTube would require not a login but connecting your wallet, and that temporary access to your information will be how YouTube’s algorithm will decide which videos to show you.

In the interim, some companies are utilizing a custodial wallet model, which enables people to purchase NFTs or acquire POAPs without having their own wallet and learning a lot about crypto.

This is ideal for creators, Pereira says, because ‟[t]hey just need to sell the digital good, and then if the fan decides to take advantage of the blockchain aspects of the good they can, but they don’t have to if they don’t wish.”

POAPs

Here’s another term to know: POAP, which refers to a proof of participation token. These tokens can be used to unlock or access certain content or even real world merchandise.

A POAP might act like ‟a 21st century business card,” representing a person’s identity. It could be given out when you meet someone, Pereira suggests. And because you’ve collected this POAP and proven you have a relationship with this creator, you may be able to see content that’s gated or purchase a product that otherwise wouldn’t be available.

This is another instance of how Web3 is different. Pereira explains, ‟the relationships live between people rather than people intermediated by platforms.”

Play to Earn

‟The POAP idea is very closely related to an idea of play to earn.” Essentially, the more you engaged with a brand or a creator, you would start to ‟acquire tokens that represent your investment of time or what you’ve unlocked or specific activities.” This may or may not have an aspect that is gamified.

‟It’s actually a really, a powerful way to track fan participation and reward people for deeper engagement in a ecosystem,” Pereira says.

Pereira and Schwartz noted that the ‟Taylor Swift debacle” could have been avoided or at least mitigated with a more robust fan loyalty reward system.

‟I think the other really powerful use case [for play to earn] is around digital goods,” Pereira says.

Remember, ‟Things that you acquire in the metaverse can be bought and sold peer-to-peer rather than just directly platform to platform, and then also can live outside of that platform.”

Pereira notes that the ability to truly own your digital goods ‟really changes the narrative, this sort of closed-loop narrative that exists around gaming.”

But what happens when you do choose to move that digital object from Roblox to… Minecraft?

‟On the blockchain, the data is universal” and ‟universally acceptable,” Pereira explains. However, ‟how that data is rendered or treated is different” depending on the environment. The data, the input is constant, but how it’s interpreted varies.

To explain, Pereira uses the example of emoji. ‟Emoji are universally understood bits of data. But as we know, if you go on Twitter, your emoji looks very different than in your Gmail inbox. And that’s just because how they render that data looks different.”

You can connect with Stephanie Pereira on LinkedIn or follow her on Twitter at @happeness.


YOUR ROADMAP TO WEB3:

Does Web3 offer the promise of a truly decentralized internet, or is it just another way for Big Tech to maintain its stranglehold on our personal data? Hand-picked from the NAB Amplify archives, here are the expert insights you need to understand Web3’s potential and stay ahead of the curve on the information superhighway:
  • The Web3 Dream vs. Digital (and Economic) Realities
  • What Needs to Happen for Web3 to Go Mainstream
  • Web3 and the Future of Work (Oh, Guess What? It’s Decentralized.)
  • Web3, Free Will and Who Will Own the Future
  • Taking Those First Steps Into Web3

  • Live Event Production
  • Broadcast
  • Streaming
  • Intelligent Content
  • Distribution and Delivery
  • Web3

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Web3 Amplified: Lori H. Schwartz in Conversation with Rishad Tobaccowala
Web3 Amplified: Lori H. Schwartz in Conversation with Rishad Tobaccowala

Lori H. Schwartz interviews Rishad Tobaccowala about Web3 and how it will reshape the business of media and entertainment and the workforce.

Web3 Amplified: Lori H. Schwartz in Conversation with Barbara Marshall
Web3 Amplified: Lori H. Schwartz in Conversation with Barbara Marshall

Lori H. Schwartz continues our Web3 Amplified series, this time in conversation with Barbara Marshall. They dive into the technology that creatives will need in order to make the metaverse possible,

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January 13, 2023
Posted December 31, 2022

“Kaleidoscope:” Inside Netflix’s Non-Linear Experiment



TL;DR

  • Following interactive specials like “Bandersnatch,” Netflix is continuing to push the boundaries of storytelling with its new non-linear heist series, “Kaleidoscope.”
  • Launching New Year’s Day, the eight-episode anthology series is loosely inspired by the real-life story where $70 billion in bonds went missing in downtown Manhattan during Hurricane Sandy.
  • Viewers can watch the color-coded episodes in any order they choose, ending with the epic “White: The Heist” story finale.


Netflix is continuing to push the boundaries of storytelling with a new non-linear heist series, Kaleidoscope. Stretching across eight episodes, the anthology series spans 25 years, following a crew of masterful thieves and their attempt to crack a seemingly unbreakable vault for the biggest payday in history. Guarded by the world’s most powerful corporate security team, and with law enforcement on the case, every episode reveals a piece of an elaborate puzzle of corruption, greed, vengeance, scheming, loyalties and betrayals. How did the crew of thieves plan it? Who gets away with it? Who can be trusted?

“Netflix has never been shy about putting experimental TV on its platform, as seen with interactive specials like Bandersnatch,” Wilson Chapman notes at IndieWire. “Now, the streamer is playing with the medium’s episodic format with Kaleidoscope, a new anthology series set to premiere New Year’s Day.”

7 jobs to pull off a $70 billion heist 25 years in the making.

KALEIDOSCOPE, an innovative new limited series that can be watched in any order to tell the complete story, hits Netflix on New Year's Day. pic.twitter.com/XkKQLKlod6

— Netflix Geeked (@NetflixGeeked) December 27, 2022

READ MORE: Netflix’s Non-Linear ‘Kaleidoscope’ Puts a Crime Caper in Your Hands (IndieWire)

Kaleidoscope (formerly known as Jigsaw) is loosely inspired by the real-life story where $70 billion in bonds went missing in downtown Manhattan during Hurricane Sandy.

The ensemble cast features Giancarlo Esposito (Breaking Bad) as Leo Pap, the leader of the heist crew, which is rounded out by Paz Vega (The OA), Rosaline Elbay (Ramy), Jai Courtney (Suicide Squad), Peter Mark Kendall (The Americans), and Jordan Mendoza (Ziwe). Taking on the role of series antagonist, Rufus Sewell (Old) plays Roger Salas, a former thief and corporate security worker who leads his own team comprising Tati Gabrielle (You), Soojeong Son (Servant), and Hemky Madera (Spider Man: Homecoming). Niousha Noor (Here and Now) and Bubba Weiler (Dopesick) play FBI agents Nazan Abassi and Samuel Toby, who are assigned to investigate the ring of thieves.

  • Giancarlo Esposito as Leo Pap in episode “Blue” of Kaleidoscope. Cr. Courtesy of Netflix © 2022
    Giancarlo Esposito as Leo Pap in episode “Blue” of Kaleidoscope. Cr. Courtesy of Netflix © 2022
  • Jordan Mendoza as RJ, Peter Mark Kendall as Stan Loomis, Giancarlo Esposito as Leo Pap, Jai Courtney as Bob Goodwin, Rosaline Elbay as Judy Goodwin and Paz Vega as Ava Mercer in episode “Yellow” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
    Jordan Mendoza as RJ, Peter Mark Kendall as Stan Loomis, Giancarlo Esposito as Leo Pap, Jai Courtney as Bob Goodwin, Rosaline Elbay as Judy Goodwin and Paz Vega as Ava Mercer in episode “Yellow” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
  • Giancarlo Esposito as Leo Pap in episode “White” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
    Giancarlo Esposito as Leo Pap in episode “White” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
  • Jordan Mendoza as RJ in episode “Blue” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Clifton Prescod/Netflix
    Jordan Mendoza as RJ in episode “Blue” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Clifton Prescod/Netflix
  • Jai Courtney as Bob Goodwin and Rosaline Elbay as Judy Goodwin in episode “Blue” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Clifton Prescod/Netflix
    Jai Courtney as Bob Goodwin and Rosaline Elbay as Judy Goodwin in episode “Blue” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Clifton Prescod/Netflix
  • Niousha Noor as Nazan Abassi and Bubba Weiler as Toby in episode “Pink” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Clifton Prescod/Netflix
    Niousha Noor as Nazan Abassi and Bubba Weiler as Toby in episode “Pink” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Clifton Prescod/Netflix
  • Rufus Sewell as Roger Salas in episode “Blue” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
    Rufus Sewell as Roger Salas in episode “Blue” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
  • Peter Mark Kendall as Stan Loomis, Paz Vega as Ava Mercer, Jai Courtney as Bob Goodwin and Rosaline Elbay as Judy Goodwin in episode “Blue” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
    Peter Mark Kendall as Stan Loomis, Paz Vega as Ava Mercer, Jai Courtney as Bob Goodwin and Rosaline Elbay as Judy Goodwin in episode “Blue” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
  • Giancarlo Esposito as Leo Pap in episode “Green” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
    Giancarlo Esposito as Leo Pap in episode “Green” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
  • Giancarlo Esposito as Leo Pap and Paz Vega as Ava Mercer in episode “Orange” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
    Giancarlo Esposito as Leo Pap and Paz Vega as Ava Mercer in episode “Orange” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
  • Rufus Sewell as Roger Salas and Tati Gabrielle as Hannah Kim in episode “Red” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
    Rufus Sewell as Roger Salas and Tati Gabrielle as Hannah Kim in episode “Red” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
  • Paz Vega as Ava Mercer and Giancarlo Esposito as Leo Pap in episode “White” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
    Paz Vega as Ava Mercer and Giancarlo Esposito as Leo Pap in episode “White” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
  • Jai Courtney as Bob Goodwin and Peter Mark Kendall as Stan Loomis in episode “White” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
    Jai Courtney as Bob Goodwin and Peter Mark Kendall as Stan Loomis in episode “White” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
  • Rosaline Elbay as Judy Goodwin, Jai Courtney as Bob Goodwin and Peter Mark Kendall as Stan Loomis in episode “Yellow” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
    Rosaline Elbay as Judy Goodwin, Jai Courtney as Bob Goodwin and Peter Mark Kendall as Stan Loomis in episode “Yellow” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
  • Giancarlo Esposito as Leo Pap and Tati Gabrielle as Hannah Kim in episode “Yellow” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
    Giancarlo Esposito as Leo Pap and Tati Gabrielle as Hannah Kim in episode “Yellow” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
  • Rosaline Elbay as Judy Goodwin in episode “Yellow” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Clifton Prescod/Netflix
    Rosaline Elbay as Judy Goodwin in episode “Yellow” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Clifton Prescod/Netflix
  • Episode “Yellow” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Clifton Prescod/Netflix
    Episode “Yellow” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Clifton Prescod/Netflix
  • Peter Mark Kendall as Stan Loomis, Paz Vega as Ava Mercer, Jai Courtney as Bob Goodwin and Rosaline Elbay as Judy Goodwin in episode “Blue” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
    Peter Mark Kendall as Stan Loomis, Paz Vega as Ava Mercer, Jai Courtney as Bob Goodwin and Rosaline Elbay as Judy Goodwin in episode “Blue” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
  • Tati Gabrielle as Hannah Kim in episode “White” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Clifton Prescod/Netflix
    Tati Gabrielle as Hannah Kim in episode “White” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Clifton Prescod/Netflix
  • Niousha Noor as Nazan Abassi anbd Bubba Weiler as Toby in episode “White” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
    Niousha Noor as Nazan Abassi anbd Bubba Weiler as Toby in episode “White” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: Netflix
  • Paz Vega as Ava Mercer and Giancarlo Esposito as Leo Pap in episode “White” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: David Scott Holloway/Netflix
    Paz Vega as Ava Mercer and Giancarlo Esposito as Leo Pap in episode “White” of “Kaleidoscope.” Cr: David Scott Holloway/Netflix

The compelling crime anthology series takes a non-linear approach to storytelling, building intrigue and suspense across seven standalone episodes — color-coded “Yellow,” “Green,” “Blue,” “Violet,” “Orange,” “Red” and “Pink” — leading up to the epic “White: The Heist” story finale. The series offers different immersive viewing experiences depending upon the order in which the episodes are seen.

“The format is also a good way to put a twist on a story we’ve seen a million times; bank heist movies and series frequently follow a set of tropes that include recruiting members, mapping out the heist in extreme detail, and people double-crossing each other,” Erick Massoto writes at Collider. “This was the theme of one of Netflix’s most popular series: Spanish-language thriller Money Heist, which has spawned a spin-off and a Korean remake. In Kaleidoscope, the difference is that the bank robbery takes place during a storm, and its non-linear format is certainly what will set the series apart.”

READ MORE: Netflix’s New Bank Heist Series ‘Kaleidoscope’ Can Be Watched in Any Order (Collider)

All viewers will eventually see all eight episodes, but the order in which they watch the episodes will affect their viewpoint on the story, the characters, and the questions and answers at the heart of the heist.

How will you experience the colors of Kaleidoscope?

Next, Watch This:

Understanding the “Kaleidoscope” timeline
  • Content Creation
  • Create

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“Kimi:” It’s Not Tech Paranoia If They’re Legit Out to Get You
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Steven Soderbergh’s “bottle film” is a surveillance thriller for an age when everyone knows they’re constantly being spied upon.

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January 23, 2023
Posted December 28, 2022

What Will the Metaverse “Experience” (Experiences) Entail?

web3 metaverse mobile

READ MORE: Why the Metaverse Will Usher in the Experience Era (Mark van Rijmemam)

Author and futurist Mark van Rijmemam, believes that in a physical and digitally-merged world our identity, personality, reputation, and assets “can be used in new ways so that people can create their own unique, magical experiences.”

He outlines in a post on Medium how some of them will change training, education and marketing all for the better.

Education

For instance, “digital twins” or replicas of factories, can be used to train employees in a safe working environment until they master the skills to go out into the real world.

Jeremy Bailenson, founding director of the Stanford Virtual Human Interaction Lab (VHIL) and founder of the VR training company Strivr, has called education and training the “home run” use case.

“In the metaverse, skills development and training could be revolutionized, drastically reducing the time needed to acquire and develop new skills,” says van Rijmemam.

For example, an AI-enabled digital coach could provide employees professional advice and training assistance. In addition, all objects (like a training manual, machine, or product) could become interactive, providing 3D displays and step-by-step instructions.

That seems reasonable, even inevitable. It must be easier to be able to follow a set of instructions to putting up that new bed with an app that maybe connects to barcodes in each part of the kit you’re about to assemble at home, than a paper instruction booklet written (badly) in multiple languages.

The fact that we have not innovated our teaching methods in the past 100 years is remarkable to me,” writes van Rijmemam, who believes virtual reality can change education as we know it.

“We should embrace the latest technology, from AI coaching to virtual and augmented experiences, to prepare our children for a world that will look fundamentally different by the time they finish school.”

Research has shown that passive teaching methods like mass audience lectures are more ineffective than participatory teaching methods, which “drastically improve memory retention rates.”

“From promoting artistic creativity to community building, we can expect a broad range of marketing innovations in the coming decade as we move from social media marketing to metaverse marketing.”

Mark van Rijmemam

An example might be a history class in VR combined with a discussion with the group after the class has experienced Ancient Rome using virtual reality.

“It would allow students to enter a virtual environment, interact with the teacher and fellow students, pause or play back a scene or session, and notice new things every time they visit or replay a scene,” van Rijmemam imagines.

“We could teach children the world of quantum mechanics by literally stepping into the microscopic world or showing the effects of climate change on any environment. The potential is endless, and it would probably result in a fun learning environment and the best ratings for the teacher and school.

Marketing

Now, what can be done to change education can also be done for marketing. After all, says van Rijmemam, marketing is about educating future customers about your product; the best way to do so is to offer them an experience.

And the best way to do that is to involve the creators, the artists, and the influencers who already have an in-depth understanding of the various virtual or augmented reality applications.

“From promoting artistic creativity to community building, we can expect a broad range of marketing innovations in the coming decade as we move from social media marketing to metaverse marketing.”

Metaverse marketing in the immersive internet requires a different perspective when reaching your target group, he says. Brands need to rethink how to create content, how people can interact with that content, and the capabilities and utility of that content.

He highlights four ways that the metaverse will change marketing.

Brands should create unique virtual experiences with low entry barriers, he argues. “This means enabling a seamless experience for your customers to interact with you in an immersive way.”

Connection with customers is obvious so this means building up a presence in the new virtual worlds ranging from Roblox, Decentraland and The Sandbox to any of the hundreds of new worlds now being created.

Don’t copy physical reality but think out of the box, he prescribes, and create gamified rewards, virtual goods and NFTs “to celebrate your customers” and engender loyalty.

His final point is that irrespective of the objective (education or marketing), user-generated content will play an increasingly important role in the metaverse. Whether this involves designing and creating games, immersive songs, volumetric media, educational environments, or the virtual worlds, “art and avatars that will liven up the metaverse will be a creator economy, and UGC will be everything.

“The result is the Experience Era, where everything that we do can be a unique and immersive experience, which will likely make work, education and connecting with brands a lot more fun.”


NAVIGATING THE METAVERSE:

The metaverse may be a wild frontier, but here at NAB Amplify we’ve got you covered! Hand-selected from our archives, here are some of the essential insights you’ll need to expand your knowledge base and confidently explore the new horizons ahead:
  • The Metaverse Will Make $5 Trillion By 2030. That Sounds Awesome and… Wait, What Are We Talking About?
  • Metaverse Expectations vs. Reality
  • A Metacode of Conduct for the Metaverse
  • Metaverse Interoperability: Utopian Dream, Privacy Nightmare
  • Consumers Are Confused About the Metaverse, But Seriously, Can You Blame Them?

  • Streaming
  • Intelligent Content
  • Distribution and Delivery
  • Media Content
  • AdTech / MarTech
  • Web3
  • Social Media
  • Social Networking / UGC

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January 15, 2023
Posted December 16, 2022

What Happens When Deepfake Videos Become Just… Videos?



From “The Capture,” courtesy of Peacock
From “The Capture,” courtesy of Peacock

TL;DR

  • Methods that can alter and synthesize video are increasingly accessible and often easily learned.
  • The existence of deepfakes is being used as an accusation and an excuse by those hoping to discredit reality and dodge accountability.
  • The New York Times solicits a response from TikTok but not social media site is exhibiting enough will to self-moderate or ability to identify and remove false videos.


READ MORE: Worries Grow That TikTok Is New Home for Manipulated Video and Photos (The New York Times)

Manipulated video, deepfakes, and other synthesized material are cropping up all over the internet with alarming regularity. It’s no longer easy to identify it. This has serious implications for anyone interested in stopping the spread of political falsehoods and conspiracy theories.

TikTok is being pointed out as the worst culprit, primarily because of its huge influence over internet users.

“TikTok is literally designed so media can be mashed together — this is a whole platform designed for manipulation and remixing,” Francesca Panetta, creative director for MIT’s Center for Advanced Virtuality, said in an interview with The New York Times’ Tiffany Hsu.

Francesca Panetta, creative director for MIT’s Center for Advanced Virtuality, and colleague Halsey Burgund collaborated on a documentary that engineered a deepfake Richard Nixon announcing the failure of the 1969 Apollo 11 mission. The project, “In Event of Moon Disaster,” won an Emmy last year.
Francesca Panetta, creative director for MIT’s Center for Advanced Virtuality, and colleague Halsey Burgund collaborated on a documentary that engineered a deepfake Richard Nixon announcing the failure of the 1969 Apollo 11 mission. The project, “In Event of Moon Disaster,” won an Emmy last year.

“What does fact-checking look like on a platform like this?”

To show what can be twisted into truth, and how easily, Panetta and colleague Halsey Burgund collaborated on a documentary that engineered a deepfake Richard Nixon announcing the failure of the 1969 Apollo 11 mission. The project, In Event of Moon Disaster, won an Emmy last year.

Panetta spoke with Hsu about their examination of deepfake disinformation.

“More than any single post, the danger of manipulated media lies in the way it risks further damaging the ability of many social media users to depend on concepts like truth and proof,” Hsu writes. “The existence of deepfakes, which are usually created by grafting a digital face onto someone else’s body, is being used as an accusation and an excuse by those hoping to discredit reality and dodge accountability — a phenomenon known as the liar’s dividend.”

According to Hsu, lawyers for at least one person charged in the January 6 riot at the US Capitol in 2021 have tried to cast doubt on video evidence from the day by citing “widely available and insidious” deepfake-making technology.

Over time, the fear is that manipulations will become more common and more difficult to detect. A 2019 California law made it illegal to create or share deceptive deepfakes of politicians within 60 days of an election — and yet, manipulation is rampant.

“Extended exposure to manipulated media can intensify polarization and whittle down viewers’ ability and willingness to distinguish truth from fiction,” Hsu warns.

In recent weeks, TikTok users have shared a fake screenshot of a nonexistent CNN story claiming that climate change is seasonal.

One video was edited to imply that the White House press secretary Karine Jean-Pierre ignored a question from the Fox News reporter Peter Doocy. Another video, from 2021, resurfaced this fall with the audio altered so that Vice President Kamala Harris seemed to say virtually all people hospitalized with Covid-19 were vaccinated (she had actually said “unvaccinated”).

READ IT ON AMPLIFY: Deepfake AI: Broadcast Applications and Implications

READ IT ON AMPLIFY: Now We Have an AI That Can Mimic Iconic Film Directors

READ IT ON AMPLIFY: Can AI Imagery and Video Actually Be Good for the Creator Economy?

READ IT ON AMPLIFY: Everything Is Fake. It Makes This an Interesting Time for Media.

Hany Farid, a computer science professor at the University of California, who sits on TikTok’s content advisory council, commented that, “When we enter this kind of world, where things are being manipulated or can be manipulated, then we can simply dismiss inconvenient facts.”

Methods that can alter and synthesize video are “increasingly accessible and often easily learned.” They include miscaptioning photos, cutting footage or changing its speed or sequence, splitting sound from images, cloning voices, creating hoax text messages, creating synthetic accounts, automating lip syncs and text-to-speech, or even making a deepfake.

Hsu continues, “Many TikTok users use labels and hashtags to disclose that they are experimenting with filters and edits. Sometimes, manipulated media is called out in the comments section. But such efforts are often overlooked in the TikTok speed-scroll.”

TikTok said in a statement it had removed videos, found by The New York Times, that breached its policies, which prohibit digital forgeries “that mislead users by distorting the truth of events and cause significant harm to the subject of the video, other persons or society.”

“TikTok is a place for authentic and entertaining content, which is why we prohibit and remove harmful misinformation, including synthetic or manipulated media, that is designed to mislead our community,” TikTok spokesperson Ben Rathe told Hsu.

A tech solution based on machine learning might be used to combat the sheer volume of fake videos. One of the solutions, developed by DeepMedia, has just been released. DeepMedia DeepFake (DMDF) Faces V1 is a publicly available dataset built to detect advanced deepfakes.

DeepMedia CEO Rijul Gupta proposed that, “As dangerous and realistic deepfakes continue to spread, our society needs accurate and accessible detectors like DMDF Faces V1 to protect truth and ethics.”

READ MORE: DeepMedia, a Leader in Advanced Synthetic Media, Releases Largest Publicly Accessible Deepfake Detection Dataset (newswires)

Without actual action by social media platforms — with a goal to make money rather than address ethical concerns about the use of its tech — you have to wonder if anything will stop the rot. Even now, conspiracy theorists like QAnon and Alex Jones can say black is white with impunity.

“Platforms like TikTok in particular, but really all of these social media feeds, are all about getting you through stuff quickly — they’re designed to be this fire hose barrage of content, and that’s a recipe for eliminating nuance,” MIT creative technologist resident Halsey Burgund said. “The vestiges of these quick, quick, quick emotional reactions just sit inside our brains and build up, and it’s kind of terrifying.”

Next, Watch This

New Intel technology detects deepfakes in real time.

SOCIAL MEDIA AND HUMANITY’S DIGITAL FUTURE:

Technology and societal trends are changing the internet. Concerns over data privacy, misinformation and content moderation are happening in tandem with excitement about Web3 and blockchain possibilities. Learn more about the tech and trends driving humanity’s digital future with these hand-curated articles from the NAB Amplify archives:
  • The Social Media Trends That’ll Impact Your Business in 2023
  • If Social Media Makes You Feel Some Type of Way, Then It’s Working
  • Where We’re Headed Next With Social Media Marketing
  • Social Media Is Making and Remaking Itself All the Time
  • Is Recommendation Media the New Standard for Content Discovery?

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Deepfake AI: Broadcast Applications and Implications
Deepfake AI: Broadcast Applications and Implications

The use of deepfake AI as entertaining “content” prompts questions about the ethics of a technology that is increasingly harder to detect.

Leave a Comment on What Happens When Deepfake Videos Become Just… Videos?
January 3, 2023
Posted December 16, 2022

What You Need to Know About TikTok’s User Data



TL;DR

  • The largest social media platform in the US is moving US user’s data to servers run by Oracle in a bid to choke claims that China has access to it.
  • “Project Texas” is the internal name for TikTok’s mammoth IT plan, which will see the company move data from its Virginia and Singapore hubs to a new cloud infrastructure in the US run by Oracle.
  • TikTok CEO Shou Zi Chew claims that no foreign government has asked TikTok for user data before but doubts remain, not least because reports keep surfacing of TikTok employees routing US data to China.


READ MORE: TikTok CEO Shou Zi Chew explains how US data will be kept out of China (The Verge)

With more than 1.6 billion monthly active users, TikTok is by some margin the largest and most influential social media platform. But its Chinese ownership continues to concern politicians on both sides of the aisle.

In a rare public address, TikTok CEO Shou Zi Chew explained how his business was responding by shifting the data of all its US users to data centers in the US under lock and key.

“Project Texas” is the internal name for TikTok’s mammoth IT plan, which will see the company move data from its Virginia and Singapore hubs to a new cloud infrastructure in the United States run by Oracle, which is headquartered in Texas. The deal is supposed to guard US users’ data in Oracles servers, barring access from China.

“We take all these concerns seriously, we study them, we have been working with [the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States] to solve what we think is a very solvable problem,” Chew said at the New York Times’ 2022 DealBook summit, as reported by Nilay Patel at The Verge.

The system is “expensive to build, and it’s challenging to do it, but we are doing it to address these concerns,” he added.

TikTok has faced years of criticism for potentially exposing the data of US users to China. In 2020, former President Donald Trump threatened TikTok with a nationwide ban and attempted to force the company into separating its US-based assets from ByteDance, calling it a threat to national security.

Those worries are unlikely to go away. Recent reports claimed TikTok employees based in China have “repeatedly” accessed US users’ data over the course of at least several months.

In recordings of internal staff meetings and presentations obtained by BuzzFeed News, TikTok employees reportedly mentioned having to ask their colleagues in China to access US user data, as they weren’t able to access this data themselves.

BuzzFeed’s Emily Baker-White quoted Albert Calamug, the head of TikTok’s US security and public policy, as saying that TikTok will use its Virginia and Singapore-based servers for backups, but it aims to delete users’ private data from these servers in order to “fully pivot to Oracle cloud servers located in the US.”

It’s unclear when TikTok plans on making a complete shift to Oracle’s servers.

“We know we are among the most scrutinized platforms from a security standpoint, and we aim to remove any doubt about the security of US user data,” Calamug said.

READ MORE: Leaked Audio From 80 Internal TikTok Meetings Shows That US User Data Has Been Repeatedly Accessed From China (BuzzFeed)

Chew claimed that “no foreign government has asked us for user data before, and if they did we would say no.”

One concern is that the Chinese government could use the platform to manipulate public opinion in the US, for instance, around political issues.

Chew described the TikTok algorithm as “just math” that recommends content based on user signals like watch time and engagement, and that the algorithm in the US is already different than the algorithm in China because the different user groups interact differently.

But as The Verge noted, his interview was as slick and as information free as anything from the Mark Zuckerberg or Jack Dorsey playbook.


SOCIAL MEDIA AND HUMANITY’S DIGITAL FUTURE:

Technology and societal trends are changing the internet. Concerns over data privacy, misinformation and content moderation are happening in tandem with excitement about Web3 and blockchain possibilities. Learn more about the tech and trends driving humanity’s digital future with these hand-curated articles from the NAB Amplify archives:
  • The Social Media Trends That’ll Impact Your Business in 2023
  • If Social Media Makes You Feel Some Type of Way, Then It’s Working
  • Where We’re Headed Next With Social Media Marketing
  • Social Media Is Making and Remaking Itself All the Time
  • Is Recommendation Media the New Standard for Content Discovery?

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  • Connect
  • Management and Systems
  • Media Content
  • Back up Networks / Contingency Planning
  • Cloud Computing Solutions
  • Digital Asset Management and Storage
  • Digital Rights Management / Content Protection
  • IT / Networking Infrastructure and Security
  • Content Publishers
  • Social Media

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TikTok, From Inception to International, Ahem, “Incident”
TikTok, From Inception to International, Ahem, “Incident”

Political interference in both China and the US threatens to derail the video app phenomenon.

How TikTok Is Targeting Its Next Two Billion Users (Hint: With Your TV)
How TikTok Is Targeting Its Next Two Billion Users (Hint: With Your TV)

TikTok’s Dan Page reveals the Chinese-owned tech giant’s plans for taking the mobile-centric video app onto larger screens.

Leave a Comment on What You Need to Know About TikTok’s User Data
January 22, 2023
Posted December 1, 2022

Director Alek Keshishian and Selena Gomez Get Real in “My Mind & Me”



“Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me.” Cr: Apple TV+
“Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me.” Cr: Apple TV+

TL;DR

  • In the Apple TV+ documentary “Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me” we see the toll fame has often taken on the star’s mental health.
  • We also learn what director Alex Keshishian feels was important while making a documentary of her life: the intrusion of social media and inane questions thrown at the singer on press tours.
  • The 93-minute feature was made from more than 200 hours of reality-shot and archive material.


Though Disney channel star turned pop singer and TV producer Selena Gomez hasn’t shied away from speaking publicly about her mental and physical health struggles over the years, the new Apple TV+ documentary is deeper, darker, and more specific about these incidents. In Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me we see the toll this has often taken on her mental health.

The film is directed by Alek Keshishian, whose previous credits include acclaimed music documentary Madonna: Truth or Dare (1991) that broke new ground in presenting a fly-on-the-wall snapshot of the public and private effect of fame on an artist and those around them.

Keshishian got the gig because his sister happens to be Gomez’s manager as he explained to numerous publications, including a piece he wrote for New Music Express.

They struck up a friendship, and “she asked if I would consider doing a tour doc with her. I said, ‘I don’t think you really want me to do a tour doc with you, because I don’t make the sort of tour docs that everyone’s been doing in your lifetime.

“I shoot cinéma vérité and I’m spoiled because my first experience was with Madonna who gave me access to everything all the time.’ ”

READ MORE: What I learned about Selena Gomez from making a documentary of her life (New Music Express)

Despite that knock-back, Gomez seemed even more keen to work with Keshishian. So they agreed a trial.

It didn’t go well.

“Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me.” Cr: Apple TV+
Gomez and Keshishian while filming “Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me.” Cr: Apple TV+

“I brought in my crew and we shot for two weeks, then I cut it down to a five-minute [short] so she could see the kind of film I would make. She was like, ‘Wow, it’s beautiful, but could you not show me crying? I don’t want my fans to see me break down like that.’ And so I said I didn’t think it was the right time for me to make a documentary with her. We agreed to just shelve the footage.”

What changed was a charity trip that Gomez made in 2019 to Kenya. Keshishian agreed to go “because it was for a good cause,” and found in the course of shooting in Africa and then press events with the singer in Europe that there was a doc to be made inspired by the conflicting way people treated her fame and her reaction to that.

Gomez herself tells Rachel Handler at Vulture that in Kenya she “realized that people in every part of the world are dealing with the same thing: their minds. Your mind is everything. It provides for your body, for your soul. But when I got to London, I gotta be honest, I was kind of frustrated and didn’t even want anyone to film anything. I was just a little frustrated with some of the questions… the press-tour moments in London and Paris. Those questions were shitty.”

READ MORE: ‘I Couldn’t Believe the Things I Was Aspiring to Be’ (Vulture)

To Keshishian this was the story. “I was more interested in some levels of implicating the paparazzi who are unbelievably cruel,” he told Variety’s Jazz Tangcay. “I showed unrelenting interest [of Gomez] in the press. I wanted to show how cruel some of that stuff that’s yelled to a 24-year-old girl is, how brutal it is. On another level, there’s this misogyny, that the woman is always somehow that dumped one, and that the woman should be jealous.”

READ MORE: Alek Keshishian on Filming Selena Gomez Through Her Darkest Moments: ‘I Would Know When Enough Was Enough’ (Variety)

To Handler he added, “There’s a real part of me that wanted to make a statement to young people that pursuing the artifice of fame and whatever — it isn’t a bunch of roses. It’s not perfect, and in some ways, it can prevent actual human connection. That’s what you see in London and Paris. She’s not connecting with human beings after connecting so deeply with human beings in Kenya. That’s really the shock to her system. That’s what makes her feel sad.”

It would seem there is a darker side to fame than thirty years ago and the always on pressure of social media is to blame.

  • “Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me.” Cr: Apple TV+
    “Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me.” Cr: Apple TV+
  • “Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me.” Cr: Apple TV+
    “Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me.” Cr: Apple TV+
  • “Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me.” Cr: Apple TV+
    “Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me.” Cr: Apple TV+
  • “Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me.” Cr: Apple TV+
    “Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me.” Cr: Apple TV+
  • “Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me.” Cr: Apple TV+
    “Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me.” Cr: Apple TV+

“You’re constantly working on presentation,” he tells Mia Galuppo at The Hollywood Reporter. “I’m talking about people who are really doing social media. So, I wanted to indict fame to a certain degree. I wanted to make people realize this is not all fun and games. She’s not in Paris having a great time. Granted, these are first world problems, you can say, but if you want to know what it does to the mental health of somebody, that level of isolation — it doesn’t make people joyful.

READ MORE: ‘My Mind and Me’ Director on Selena Gomez and the “Isolation of Celebrity” (The Hollywood Reporter)

He whittled down more than 200 hours of footage for the 90-minute feature, explaining to Tangcay at Variety that much of that was archival footage. “I knew I had to tell parts of this story through archival, which is very time-consuming. It took us six months just to do the string outs which meant taking each scene and shortening it.”

He could have released a two-hour, 30-minute cut, “and pleased her fans who would never tire of her,” he added to Galuppo. “But I wanted us to mean something for people down the line who aren’t her fan. One of the things I always kept telling my editors is: I’m not looking to make a room spray of Selena Gomez. I want the most distilled and concentrated version of this story so that you spend 93 minutes and hopefully you come out feeling differently about your own life as well as Selena’s.”

As Handler says, many musicians have done their versions of “personal documentaries,” in which there is a sense that they’re still controlling the final product — that there’s a level of PR machinations going on behind the scenes. So did Gomez want final cut?

“There are a lot of things that I didn’t put into this,” Keshishian tells Tangcay. “It’s a potent experience, but it doesn’t have everything.”

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“Billie Eilish: The World’s a Little Blurry:” When/How Documentarians Get Up Close and Personal
“Billie Eilish: The World’s a Little Blurry:” When/How Documentarians Get Up Close and Personal

Director of Photography Jenna Rosher captured a year in the life of the pop star’s meteoric rise from social media cult to global celebrity.

Leave a Comment on Director Alek Keshishian and Selena Gomez Get Real in “My Mind & Me”
November 30, 2022

“RRR:” S.S. Rajamouli Knows How to Shoot an Action Sequence for Any Audience



N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix

TL;DR

  • Breakout hit “Rise Roar Revolt” is the first and only Telugu-language film to smash into the US box office, and is now also a hit on Netflix.
  • Critics are raving — “Just as ‘Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon’ and ‘The Matrix’ offered American viewers a new vision of action, so ‘RRR’ possesses a delirious inventiveness and originality that audiences will love,” said one.
  • A re-launched theatrical campaign gave the film new legs at the box office as word-of-mouth carried it past $14.5 million domestically and more than $170 million worldwide.
  • With Telugu as its main language, Tollywood is the name for the southern Indian film industry whose growing box-office performance has brought it in line with Mumbai’s Bollywood.


READ MORE: ‘RRR’: S.S. Rajamouli Attributes His Movie’s Success to Its “Unapologetic Heroism” (Collider)

Rise Roar Revolt (RRR) is the Indian movie storming Hollywood… by surprise. At the start of this year, there were only a few people around the world who even recognized the existence of Tollywood, aka the Telegu film industry. Then came RRR, which single-handedly put Telegu films on the global map. Collider’s Shrishty Mishra raves: “For many people on the internet, the movie is synonymous with an emotion that describes opulence and celebration of cinema.”

Tollywood is the name for the southern Indian film industry whose growing box-office performance has brought it in line with Mumbai’s Bollywood. Telugu is the main language, and RRR features two of its biggest stars, Ram Charan and Rama Rao.

The movie itself is a populist retelling of two real-life Indian revolutionaries and their battle against the British Raj. It depicts the heroes as freedom fighters against the colonial regime in the 1920s.

Its theatrical run is impressive, clocking up $170 million worldwide, including $14.5 million in North America. That gross is even more impressive since the picture has been available to stream on Netflix since May, where it was among the service’s top 10 most watched titles in America for 14 consecutive weeks. Partly propelled by strong word of mouth among Netflix users, the film was re-released theatrically just a few weeks after initial release and gradually spread to more theaters nationwide — gaining audiences far beyond the Indian diaspora.

Dylan Marchetti, president of distributor Variance Films, estimates that most of the RRR ticket buyers had never before seen a production from Tollywood.

“Most new Indian movies are not marketed to American viewers beyond those who speak the film’s language, and most such films are already screened at national chains like AMC and Cinemark,” Simon Abrams notes in The New York Times.

READ MORE: How the Indian Action Spectacular ‘RRR’ Became a Smash in America (The New York Times)

There’s so much momentum surrounding the film that it’s even garnering Oscar buzz. And not for Best Foreign Language Film (the Indian Academy actually selected another picture anyway), but for Best Picture along with Best Director for S.S. Rajamouli.

The question puzzling the US film industry is why?

The director himself told Mishra: “COVID I’m sure was a factor. When everything got shut down, the whole world started looking into different cultures, absorbing content from different countries, in different languages.”

RRR would not be alone. Just look at the $2 billion in lifetime value that Netflix will amass from existing and future series of the South Korea’s Squid Game.

But Rajamouli is being humble. Having picked up on the film late in the day — mostly it seems to see what all the fuss is about — reviewers are raving about its epic and cinematic production values.

“RRR contains more exciting action scenes than all the Marvel movies put together,” NPR’s John Powers praises. “Indeed, there’s a slow-motion shot that is one of the most jaw dropping moments in the history of cinema.”

READ MORE: If you haven’t been back to the movies yet, Indian epic ‘RRR’ is the reason to go (NPR)

  • N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
    N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
  • N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
    N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
  • N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
    N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
  • N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
    N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
  • Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
    Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
  • N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
    N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
  • N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
    N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
  • N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
    N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
  • N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
    N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
  • N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
    N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
  • N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
    N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
  • Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
    Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
  • N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
    N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
  • Ajay Devgn as Venkata Rama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
    Ajay Devgn as Venkata Rama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
  • N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
    N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
  • N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
    N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
  • N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix
    N.T. Ramo Rao JR as Komaram Bheem and Ram Charan Teja as Alluri Sitarama Raju in “Rise Roar Revolt.” Cr: Netflix

The three-hour runtime isn’t deterring cinemagoers. The film’s title sequence doesn’t run until nearly 45 minutes into the story.

Brent Buterbaugh from the National Review gives his verdict: “It leverages its hefty runtime and captivating story to earn its big moments, and delivers with some of the most imaginative set pieces ever witnessed on the big screen,” likening the experience to a first-time viewing of The Empire Strikes Back.

READ MORE: What Hollywood Can Learn from RRR (National Review)

When one of Rajamouli’s movies is released, he’s known to sneak into theaters just to see how different audiences react to his film. Jen Yamato at the Los Angeles Times, believes RRR proved that “moviegoers around the world can connect to his films even absent specific cultural context, such as the setting’s history or politics.” And from the responses to this film, it’s hard to argue that point.

In an IMAX screening of RRR at the TCL Chinese Theatre, the director was greeted with a standing ovation, and the applause continued as the actors appeared on screen. “When I started hearing the roaring laughter and whistles, the shouting, the screaming, people getting up, standing up, showing their love and affection, dancing in front of the stage — my God.”

Rajamouli marvels at the appreciation shown for his actors. While he may have “parent trapped” the two stars into working together, phoning both of them separately to have them appear at his home simultaneously, his vision for the film has paid off tremendously as fans of all backgrounds are finding enjoyment with RRR.

“I don’t think you need to explain to the audience what culture is. I don’t think you can, in a film,” Rajamouli said. “If you find compelling characters and compelling incidents, you are instantly drawn in, and for things that you don’t understand, the mind automatically makes its own story. I don’t think Western audiences, or any audience for that matter, are watching the film exactly the way I’m intending them to.”

He continues: “Emotion doesn’t have a culture. The expression of love changes, but the relation itself doesn’t change. It’s the same across all human beings… If I analyze why I like action, it’s that action enhances emotion, and emotion makes action look good.”

READ MORE: How an Indian action icon broke into Hollywood — and the Oscar race — with ‘RRR’ (Los Angeles Times)

Rajamouli revealed to Deadline’s Anthony D’Alessandro that his template was inspired by Mel Gibson’s Braveheart. “I like that film a lot. The way he enhances the drama before the action is a big influence on me.”

READ MORE: ‘Braveheart’ Was “A Big Influence” For Indian Epic ‘RRR’, Director S.S. Rajamouli Says – Contenders New York (Deadline)

There’s undeniable pleasure in films like Braveheart, Gladiator, The Woman King (which was also inspired by those films) or, indeed, Star Wars in rooting for an underdog against an imperialist oppressor. Especially if said oppressor gets their violent comeuppance.

“Compared to a stereotypical Bollywood film, RRR is relatively light on music and romance, devoting much of its screen time to visual spectacle, gonzo action, and patriotic zeal,” Katie Rife notes at Polygon. “At its core, this is a story about people fighting for their beliefs against impossible odds. It’s about perseverance and the power of working together toward a common goal. Those themes are universally relatable — as is the giddy thrill of watching racist forces of imperial oppression get exactly what’s coming to them.”

READ MORE: India’s wild action movie RRR re-imagines real-life revolt as an epic superhero battle (Polygon)

While there are copious VFX shots, the old-school values of a Hollywood epic are on display too, including filling the screen with hundreds of extras backed up by a crew of 700. Mishra is not the only one to note the thrill of seeing something new in the company of strangers.

“Indeed, in these days when the box-office is way down, movie chains are wobbling, and experts wonder whether the movies will even survive, RRR makes the case for returning to theaters,” Powers writes. “It reminds us that movies are always more thrilling when they’re part of a collective experience, when you can share the excitement with the people around you.”

Cinematographer K.K. Senthil Kumar, ISC selected the ARRI Alexa LF using Signature Prime lenses suitable for IMAX. In a first for an Indian film, RRR was also released in Dolby Cinema, a format that incorporates Dolby Vision and Dolby Atmos.

“We still don’t have Dolby Vision theaters in India, but we thought this would be the best way to preserve the film for the future,” Kumar told the American Cinematographer’s Iain Marcks.

READ MORE: Shooting Stars for RRR (American Society of Cinematographers)

The bulk of the film was shot in Hyderabad, Telangana, the epicenter of Tollywood. Sets were constructed at Alind Aluminum Industries Limited — an industrial complex repurposed for film production — as well as Ramoji Film City and on location in Gandipet. Some scenes were shot at Ukraine’s official presidential palace in 2021 because Ukraine was one of the first countries to open up to filming.

“It’s a beautiful place and we had a wonderful experience shooting there,” Kumar said

The finishing work for RRR was performed in Hyderabad at ANR Sound & Vision in Annapurna Studios, by colorist Bvr Shivakumar, who delivered a 4K master.

Perhaps RRR’s success is as simple as it being a good story and told well. Rajamouli thinks so.

“We can all agree that, basically, a good story is a good story across the world,” he told IndieWire’s Eric Kohn. “But the way the audience perceives it depends on the sensibilities of the culture and the people. I can’t pinpoint why it happened, but I would say a part of it is that Western audiences are not getting the full-blown action of [Indian] movies. Maybe Hollywood movies aren’t giving them enough of that. That’s what I gather when I look at the response.”

READ MORE: ‘RRR’ Director Says Western Audiences Are Starved of Good Action Movies (IndieWire)

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LIGHTS, CAMERA, ACTION! SPOTLIGHT ON FILM PRODUCTION:

From the latest advances in virtual production to shooting the perfect oner, filmmakers are continuing to push creative boundaries. Packed with insights from top talents, go behind the scenes of feature film production with these hand-curated articles from the NAB Amplify archives:
  • “Decision To Leave:” Park Chan-wook’s Love Story/Detective Story
  • Fantastic Fantasía: Making Alejandro González Iñárritu’s “Bardo”
  • “The Banshees of Inisherin:“ Martin McDonagh Tells a Wonderful/Terrible Tale
  • Control and Chaos: Todd Field on “Tár”
  • Family Pictures: James Gray’s “Armageddon Time”
  • She Stoops to Conquer: Gina Prince-Bythewood Goes to War for “The Woman King”
  • The Revolution Will Be Televised: Making the Immersive, Explosive “Athena”

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November 17, 2022

Behind the Scenes (and Screens) of Netflix’s “1899”



TL;DR

  • “1899” was shot at Dark Bay virtual production stage in Germany. Dark Bay is currently the largest LED volume in the world.
  • It’s not about the walls (or what’s on them). True virtual production “is about composition of the foreground and the actors and giving them a true-to-reality environment to play in,” according to “1899” Producer Philipp Klausing. 
  • ARRI modified large-format anamorphic Alfa lenses to create custom bokeh, enabling the actors to move more freely inside the volume.


Some people have joked that virtual production technology has flipped the “fix it in post” script on its head. But the creators of eight-episode, multilingual mystery series “1899” understand that virtual production requires designing the story, as well as the set, with rigor and detail.

Showrunners Jantje Friese and Baran bo Odar consider themselves “old school filmmakers,” but as they told Deadline, the timing of the COVID-19 pandemic and ensuing travel bans meant that the pan-European shoots they’d intended were off the table. 

Fortunately, the “Dark” creators had inked a deal with Netflix (and additional funding from the Investment Bank of Brandenburg) that meant they could put the necessary resources into creating a production studio custom-built for their ambitious, sea-set project.

Netflix did much more than dip its toes in VP with “1899;” the company signaled strong belief in the tech’s potential and in its globalization efforts. 

The move was consistent with other investments; in 2018, the streamer hired Girish Balakrishnan to serve as its director of virtual production. Nonetheless, it was VP of Global Franchises Kelly Luegenbiehl who first floated virtual production as a possibility to “1899’s” showrunners, Deadline reported. Friese and bo Odar visited Netflix’s Shepperton Studios volume to get a sense of the tech’s applications before committing.

“I envision that Germany can become a European leader in virtual production” through the Dark Bay facility, Netflix Director of International Originals Rachel Eggebeen told Deadline’s Tom Grater in 2021. Since “1899” wrapped production, Dark Bay has been utilized for at least one additional project. 

  • Virtual production on “1899,” cr: Netflix
    Virtual production on “1899,” cr: Netflix
  • Virtual production on “1899,” cr: Netflix
    Virtual production on “1899,” cr: Netflix
  • Virtual production on “1899,” cr: Netflix
    Virtual production on “1899,” cr: Netflix
  • Virtual production on “1899,” cr: Netflix
    Virtual production on “1899,” cr: Netflix
  • Virtual production on “1899,” cr: Netflix
    Virtual production on “1899,” cr: Netflix
  • Virtual production on “1899,” cr: Netflix
    Virtual production on “1899,” cr: Netflix
  • Virtual production on “1899,” cr: Netflix
    Virtual production on “1899,” cr: Netflix
  • Virtual production on “1899,” cr: Netflix
    Virtual production on “1899,” cr: Netflix

READ MORE: ‘1899’ First Interviews: Netflix & The Creators Of ‘Dark’ Talk Building Europe’s Largest Virtual Production Stage To Shoot Ambitious Multilingual Series (Deadline) 

Friese and bo Odar’s Dark Ways production company turned to the ARRI Solutions Group to create the Dark Bay virtual production stage at Potsdam’s Studio Babelsberg.

The ARRI team outfitted the studio with 55-meter-long and seven-meter-high LED wall, curved at 270°, as well as 70 ARRI SkyPanels, which illuminate the volume. 

Framestore’s Jack Banks told Tech Crunch that these panels had to be hi-res and water-resistant (“1899” is set on the water…) — all while managing computing power requirements.

Banks said his team collaborated “with Epic and Nvidia to bring dual graphics card support online in our custom Unreal Engine build, giving us roughly 25-40% increase in frame rate on our environments.” Additionally, Dark Ways needed “a robust color pipeline” developed in concert with “1899” Digital Imaging Technician Richard Muller. Framestore also helped create a low-latency system consisting of new software and firmware communicating data from the camera to offer near-real-time lens tracking.

The project was also equipped with ARRI’s Alexa Mini LF camera and rental lenses designed for the project; the company tweaked its large-format anamorphic Alfa lenses to adjust the bokeh to allow movement inside the volume (more on that later), Dark Ways MD Philipp Klausing told Adrian Pennington in an interview for IBC.

“Everybody is focused on content on the wall and think that this is virtual production, but it is not,”  Klausing clarified. “VP is about the composition of the foreground and the actors and giving them a true-to-reality environment to play in. We want to record them, not the background.”

READ MORE: Behind the Scenes: 1899 (IBC.org)

The Scenes Set the Scenery 

“The story was the driving input in setting up the stage,” Klaussing explained to Tech Crunch’s Devin Coldewey. “We have a show set on the ocean, on a steamship that doesn’t exist in the world, and we knew with corona we couldn’t really do the show classically.”

It seems that the influence runs in two directions. Friese told Deadline that virtual production “makes you write scenes differently, it allows you to explore things you might not be able to explore on a natural set.” 

Referring to its creative potential, Coldewey compared virtual production to “a box of toys that creators have only just begun to unpack.”

While virtual production techniques solved many of “1899’s” filming challenges, it also introduced unique strictures. Specifically, the physical walls of the volume itself meant that certain shots were initially impractical or even impossible, and stage access was limited by the scale of the walls.  

The showrunners devised an ingenious yet practical solution: a rotating LED wall and a new “pizza slice” shooting technique.

However, the showrunners devised an ingenious yet practical solution: a rotating LED wall and a new “pizza slice” shooting technique. Balakrishnan explained that the teams still had to contend with swapping out elements of the physical set, even if they could change the LED scene with the touch of a button. That’s where the turntable came in (and 180-degree views reentered the chat).

Production Designer Udo Kramer and Construction Manager Andreas Vieweg were charged with, essentially, inventing the rotating volume (and dressing the various sets featured in it).

Balakrishnan explained, “The unique benefit of the revolving stage is… you can have multiple physical and digital sets on the stage within a single shooting day, and rotate as needed to shoot multiple angles and coverage.”

READ MORE: Inside Dark Bay, the spinning LED volume at the heart of Netflix’s upcoming ‘1899’ (Tech Crunch)

In addition to the movement of the turntable: on “1899” the ship is “constantly moving, the camera is too. I think 95 percent of the shots are handheld to make it feel alive and wild,” bo Odar explained in an interview with The Hollywood Reporter’s Scott Roxborough.

And keep in mind that the LED walls themselves aren’t traditionally two-dimensional. The content captured on site was scanned and transformed by Unreal Engine “into 3D models  so you can actually walk through them. If I push the camera towards the wall, the landscape moves with us,” bo Odar noted in his Deadline interview. “It’s about creating 3D worlds in camera that can move and change with you.”

But in order to make that happen, bo Odar explained, “Everything has to be decided beforehand, you have to create it, build it, so it’s all ready to shoot in camera.”

Additionally, bo Odar told The Hollywood Reporter, “You have to think in layers and how you combine those layers. Usually, the foreground is the actor and then the background is what you have on the LED volume screen. But the mid-ground, the thing in between, that’s what actually glues these two layers together, and it’s the most important part of the whole process.”

It’s not yet clear if all the buzz around the making of the series will bear out into the popularity Netflix prizes. Per Dan Einav’s Financial Times review: “[T]here’s enough intrigue fueling this ship to keep us going along with it. It’s just hard to tell if we’re heading anywhere truly interesting.”

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“1899” and How Netflix Is Viewing Virtual Production
“1899” and How Netflix Is Viewing Virtual Production

“1899” is revealed to be the first production at Netflix’s Dark Bay, a new Volume stage built at Studio Babelsberg in Berlin.

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November 1, 2022

“The Banshees of Inisherin:” Martin McDonagh Tells a Wonderful/Terrible Tale



TL;DR

  • Writer-director Martin McDonagh fuses his trademark dark humor with something altogether more profound about the nature of friendship, creativity and mortality in his new drama, The Banshees of Inisherin.
  • The Banshees of Inisherin follows a soured friendship between the cheerful but dim Pádraic (Colin Farrell) and the more tortured, artistic Colm (Brendan Gleeson).
  • Cinematographer Ben Davis used the landscapes of two Irish islands, Achill Island and Inishmore Island, to convey the dueling personalities of the film’s two main characters.


With the The Banshees of Inisherin, writer-director Martin McDonagh has fused his trademark dark humor with something altogether more profound about the nature of friendship, creativity and mortality.

It follows a soured friendship between the cheerful but dim Pádraic (Colin Farrell) and the more tortured, artistic Colm (Brendan Gleeson), who summarily tells Pádraic one morning that he no longer wants to be pals. Over the course of the film, Pádraic’s initial bafflement curdles into resentment, while Colm’s attempts to stay away from him in their tiny community repeatedly fail.

On the face of it, a relationship breakup is a thin plot on which to hang a film, but this was McDonagh’s starting point.

“I just wanted to tell a very simple breakup story,” he told Deadline’s Joe Utichi. “And to see how far a simple comedic and dark plot could go.”

READ MORE: Director Martin McDonagh Didn’t Want To “Destroy the Legacy” Between Reunited Stars Colin Farrell And Brendan Gleeson With ‘The Banshees of Inisherin’ (Deadline)

For all its comedy, the drama is best described as a melancholic ballad. McDonagh, who won best screenplay at the Venice film festival , says he tried to imbue the friends’ breakup “with all of the sadness of the breakup of a love relationship… because I think we’ve all been both parties in that equation,” he told Miranda Sawyer at The Guardian. “And there’s something horrible about both sides. Like knowing you have to break up with someone is a horrible, horrible thing as well. I’m not sure which is the best place to be in.”

Depicting that sadness accurately was his intent, he explained to AV Club’s Jack Smart: “It was about painting a truthful picture of a breakup, really. A sad breakup, a platonic breakup, which can be as heavy and sad and destructive as a divorce, as a sexual or loving relationship coming to an end.”

READ MORE: How Martin McDonagh made a platonic breakup more devastating than any romantic split in The Banshees Of Inisherin (AV Club)

  • Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabháin and Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Searchlight Pictures
    Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabháin and Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Searchlight Pictures
  • Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabhá in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
    Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabhá in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
  • Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabhá in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
    Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabhá in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
  • Writer-director Martin McDonagh on the set of “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Aidan Monaghan/Searchlight Pictures
    Writer-director Martin McDonagh on the set of “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Aidan Monaghan/Searchlight Pictures
  • Brendan Gleeson and writer-director Martin McDonagh on the set of “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Aidan Monaghan/Searchlight Pictures
    Brendan Gleeson and writer-director Martin McDonagh on the set of “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Aidan Monaghan/Searchlight Pictures
  • Kerry Condon on the set of “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
    Kerry Condon on the set of “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
  • Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty and Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabhá in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Aidan Monaghan/Searchlight Pictures
    Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty and Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabhá in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Aidan Monaghan/Searchlight Pictures
  • Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
    Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
  • Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Searchlight Pictures
    Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Searchlight Pictures
  • Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
    Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
  • Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabhá in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
    Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabhá in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
  • Kerry Condon as Siobhan Súilleabhá and Barry Keoghan as Dominic Kearney in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Searchlight Pictures
    Kerry Condon as Siobhan Súilleabhá and Barry Keoghan as Dominic Kearney in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Searchlight Pictures
  • Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabhá and Barry Keoghan as Dominic Kearney in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Searchlight Pictures
    Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabhá and Barry Keoghan as Dominic Kearney in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Searchlight Pictures
  • Writer/director Martin McDonagh and Colin Farrell on the set of “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
    Writer/director Martin McDonagh and Colin Farrell on the set of “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
  • Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabhá and Kerry Condon as Siobhan Súilleabhá in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
    Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabhá and Kerry Condon as Siobhan Súilleabhá in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
  • Kerry Condon as Siobhan Súilleabhá in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
    Kerry Condon as Siobhan Súilleabhá in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
  • Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabhá in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
    Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabhá in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
  • Jon Kenny as Gerry, Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty, Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabháin, and Pat Shortt as Jonjo Devine in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Searchlight Pictures
    Jon Kenny as Gerry, Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty, Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabháin, and Pat Shortt as Jonjo Devine in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Searchlight Pictures
  • Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabhá in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Searchlight Pictures
    Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabhá in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Searchlight Pictures
  • Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabháin and Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
    Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabháin and Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
  • Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabháin and Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
    Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabháin and Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
  • Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabháin and Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
    Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabháin and Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Jonathan Hession/Searchlight Pictures
  • Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabháin and Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Searchlight Pictures
    Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabháin and Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Searchlight Pictures
  • Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabháin and Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Searchlight Pictures
    Colin Farrell as Pádraic Súilleabháin and Brendan Gleeson as Colm Doherty in “The Banshees of Inisherin.” Cr: Searchlight Pictures

There’s more to the film than this. Setting the story in Ireland in 1923, with the Irish Civil War playing out in the background, is a metaphor that spins the tale a wider web.

“You don’t need any knowledge of Irish history,” McDonagh told The Atlantic’s David Sims. “All you need to know, really, is that [the civil war] was over a hairline difference of beliefs which had been shared up until the year before. And it led to horrific violence. The main story of Banshees is that, too: negligible differences that end up, well, spoiler alert, not in a good place.”

READ MORE: ‘I’m Trying To Get All The Coolness Out Of My Movies’ (The Atlantic)

The divide between the one-time friends spirals into violence so quickly that the original relatively mild cause for dispute is forgotten. “I think that’s what was interesting about this story, that things unravel and get worse and worse, sometimes without, oftentimes without intending to,” McDonagh told UPROXX’s Mike Ryan. “And then become unforgivable and irreparable. And I guess that’s true of wars as much as is true of this little story about the two guys.”

READ MORE: Martin McDonagh On Getting The ‘In Bruges’ Band Back Together In ‘The Banshees of Inisherin’(UPROXX)

There are other layers too. Not least of which is what IndieWire’s Eric Kohn shares as McDonagh’s “deep questions about national identity,” both within the series and his own personal identity. Despite writing Irish characters (in this film and his debut, In Bruges) and setting previous theatrical plays in the country, McDonagh hails from London, although his parents are indeed from west coast Ireland.

McDonagh’s last movie set in the country was the 2004 short Six Shooter, which won an Academy Award. McDonagh’s first trilogy of plays, starting with The Beauty Queen of Leenane in 1996, took place in Galway. His second trilogy — which remains unfinished — took place on the Aran Islands, and Banshees was shot on Inishmore and Achill, two islands off Ireland’s west coast.

Inisherin itself is fictional, partly to put the real events of the civil war at one remove from the events onscreen, and also because he and cinematographer Ben Davis use the landscapes of the two islands to convey the dueling personalities of his two main characters.

“All in all, it certainly seems like McDonagh wants to grapple with the history and personality of the country after setting it aside for almost two decades,” Kohn notes.

At the same time, the filmmaker’s depiction of Ireland risks backlash. “There’s a certain degree of unease in Ireland about McDonagh’s post-modern, heightened versions of Irishness,” shares Irish film critic Donald Clarke. “The films and plays do well here. But there is a tension in Ireland about his treatment of the country.”

Critics also point to supposed southern stereotypes in the Oscar-nominated Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri. Kohn indicates that McDonagh was often lambasted on the promotional tour of that movie for depicting a racist police officer (Sam Rockwell) with some measure of empathy.

“His characters are exaggerated to an almost allegorical degree in order to comment on the society around them, which has led some American audiences to see his view of the country as naïve,” Kohn writes. “Banshees burrows into the stereotype of Irish people at pubs, guzzling pints to the tune of ebullient folk music, and molds it into an emotionally resonant character study.”

That character study is also linked to a meditation on death and how an artist should make best use of their time. In the film, Colm is a musician and wants to use the rest of his days creatively, rather than sitting in the pub with Pádraic talking nonsense. Which raises several questions, including: do you have to be selfish and cruel in order to create? Can an artist be nice?

That is accompanied with a threat: If Pádraic doesn’t leave him alone, then Colm will start lopping off his own fingers.

“I thought it was interesting that an artist would threaten the thing that allows him to make art,” McDonagh said. “Does that thing make him the artist?”

READ MORE: ‘The Banshees of Inisherin’ Confronts the One Subject Martin McDonagh Doesn’t Want to Discuss (IndieWire)

It’s clearly something that preys on McDonagh’s mind. “I’m 52. You start thinking, Am I wasting time? Should I be devoting all my time, however much is left, to the artistic?” he commented to Sims. “That’s something that’s always going on in my head — the waste of time, the duty to art, all that. So you start off being on [Pádraic’s] side and understanding the hurt, but you have to be completely truthful to the other side… You should feel conflicted.”

McDonagh says decided that he’s going to spend what creative time he has left — he reckons “around 25 years” — making films rather than plays. His reasoning? Films are quicker.

“I always used to think they took longer than plays, but with this one we were filming it a year ago, and now it’s out,” he tells Sawyer. “But if you’re lucky enough to have successful plays… to get that right with each move, to cast it and take care of it, go to rehearsals, that’s five years of your life.”

READ MORE: Martin McDonagh: ‘No one really tries to make sad films any more’ (The Guardian)

It was also clearly nagging at him to unleash the genie of Gleeson and Farrell’s chalk and cheese interplay that audiences lapped up in the 2008 cult hit In Bruges.

“It feels like it was two days ago that we made In Bruges together but time passes so quickly,” he said in response to The Playlist’s Gregory Ellwood wondering if there will be a third collaboration. “None of us are getting any younger. I don’t have an idea now, but just that little ticking bomb is somewhere in me. So, I do want to get them back together.”

READ MORE: ‘The Banshees Of Inisherin’: Martin McDonagh Has A Timeline For A Third Colin Farrell & Brendan Gleeson Film (The Playlist)

In The Banshees of Inisherin, McDonagh reunites the pair only to break them up in the first scene. “A delectable bit of cruelty for the audience,” observes Sims.

Although he made In Bruges to his satisfaction, the director apparently faced pressure from execs at Focus Features at every turn. He now insists on having the final cut, which he got for Banshees, a movie produced by Disney-owned Searchlight. Kohn points out that his four movies have all been made for around $15 million, a manageable scale by studio standards that lets McDonagh get away with creative freedom.

“That is the reason why the films are singular,” McDonagh said. “It is all me. It hasn’t been watered down, for good or bad.”

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LIGHTS, CAMERA, ACTION! SPOTLIGHT ON FILM PRODUCTION:

From the latest advances in virtual production to shooting the perfect oner, filmmakers are continuing to push creative boundaries. Packed with insights from top talents, go behind the scenes of feature film production with these hand-curated articles from the NAB Amplify archives:
  • “Decision To Leave:” Park Chan-wook’s Love Story/Detective Story
  • Fantastic Fantasía: Making Alejandro González Iñárritu’s “Bardo”
  • “The Banshees of Inisherin:“ Martin McDonagh Tells a Wonderful/Terrible Story
  • Control and Chaos: Todd Field on “Tár”
  • Family Pictures: James Gray’s “Armageddon Time”
  • She Stoops to Conquer: Gina Prince-Bythewood Goes to War for “The Woman King”
  • The Revolution Will Be Televised: Making the Immersive, Explosive “Athena”

  • Content Creation
  • Create
  • Acquisition and Production
  • Media Content
  • Motion Picture / Film Production
  • Motion Picture/ Film Production

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September 24, 2022

To Work With AI, We Have to Get Real About Humanity

AI artificial intelligence

READ MORE: One Day, AI Will Seem as Human as Anyone. What Then? (Wired)

Call it evolution if you like, but everyone has to get over the hurdle of thinking that there’s something unique about homo sapiens — creativity, dexterity, empathy perhaps — that differentiates us from machines.

“The key to understanding both the inaccurate embracing of machines and the over-dismissal of AI capacities is to see the limits of the divide between human nature and digital algorithmic control,” says Joanna J. Bryson, a Professor of Computer Science at the University of Bath (in the UK) and Professor of Ethics and Technology at the Hertie School in Berlin.

Her op-ed, published in Wired, is another response to the claim that Google’s LaMDA AI has achieved consciousness.

She wants to “break the mystic hold of seemingly sentient conversations” by exposing how the system works. Bryson doesn’t just mean how AI works – she means by being honest about how we operate as humans.

Humans beings, she argues, are algorithmic too. “Much of our culture and intelligence works like a large language model, absorbing and recombining what we’ve heard. Then there’s the fundamental algorithm for humanity and the rest of natural intelligence: evolution.

“Evolution is the algorithm that perpetuates copies of itself. Evolution underlies our motivations. It ensures that things central to our survival — like intelligence, consciousness, and also cooperation, the very capabilities central to this debate — mean a lot to us.”

Understanding the “AI sentience” debate also requires that we talk about how we all construct individual identities. We think identity makes us different when in fact we have more in common with each other then we acknowledge. Our “unique” ID is forged in the company of others.

“Many of the ways we define our identity is through our alignment with various in-groups: our religion, our home town, our gender (or lack of gender), our job, our relative height, our relative strength or skills,” Bryson notes. “So, we are driven both to differentiate, but also to belong.”

“The tech industry in particular needs to prove it is on the side of the transparency and understanding that underpins liberal democracy, not secrecy and autocratic control. Ultimately, it isn’t really likely even to be a cost burden to the corporations; systems that are transparent are easier to maintain and extend.”

Joanna J. Bryson

Understanding this goes someway to divining what makes us human and that will help us differentiate between human and AI in future.

“We will still get pleasure out of singing with our friends or winning pub quizzes or local soccer matches, even if we could have done better using web search or robot players,” Bryson suggests. “These activities are how we perpetuate our communities and our interests and our species. This is how we create security, as well as comfort and engagement.”

She also makes the point that the threat of AI is most keenly felt among the cultural elite. “Sure, it is some kind of threat, at least to the global elite used to being at the pinnacle of creativity. The vast majority of humanity, though, had to get used to being less-than-best since we were in first grade.”

Even if no skills or capacities separate us from artificial intelligence, there is still a reason to fight the assessment that machines are people.

“If you attribute the same moral weight to something that can be trivially and easily digitally replicated as you do to an ape that takes decades to grow, you break everything — society, all ethics, all our values,” she argues.

Achieving this understanding without “embracing polarizing, superstitious, or machine-inclusive identities that endanger our societies” isn’t only a concern for the academics, she says, but our politics too.

“Democracy means nothing if you can buy and sell more citizens than there are humans, and if AI programs were citizens, we so easily could.”

“Evolution is the algorithm that perpetuates copies of itself. Evolution underlies our motivations. It ensures that things central to our survival — like intelligence, consciousness, and also cooperation, the very capabilities central to this debate — mean a lot to us.”

Joanna J. Bryson

One pathway to power may be for politicians to “encourage and prey upon” the insecurities and misconceptions around AI, just as some (Trump; Russian state) presently use disinformation to disrupt democracies and regulation.

“The tech industry in particular needs to prove it is on the side of the transparency and understanding that underpins liberal democracy, not secrecy and autocratic control,” she says. “Ultimately, it isn’t really likely even to be a cost burden to the corporations; systems that are transparent are easier to maintain and extend.”

The new EU AI Act, for example, demands relatively little from the developers of the vast majority of AI systems. But its most basic requirement is that AI is always identified. No one thinks they are talking to a person when really they are talking to a machine.

READ MORE: Europe Is in Danger of Using the Wrong Definition of AI (Wired)

“Complying with this law may finally get companies like Google to behave as seriously as they always should have been — with great transparency and world-class devops,” Bryson says. “Rather than seeking special exemptions from EU transparency laws, Google and others should be demonstrating — and selling — good practice in intelligent software development.”

Helping us accept who we really are, how we work, without us losing engagement with our lives, is for Bryson, an enormous extended project for humanity.

READ MORE: One Day, AI Will Seem as Human as Anyone. What Then? (Wired)


EXPLORING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE:

With nearly half of all media and media tech companies incorporating artificial intelligence into their operations or product lines, AI and machine learning tools are rapidly transforming content creation, delivery and consumption. Find out what you need to know with these essential insights curated from the NAB Amplify archives:
  • AI Is Going Hard and It’s Going to Change Everything
  • Thinking About AI (While AI Is Thinking About Everything)
  • If AI Ethics Are So Important, Why Aren’t We Talking About Them?
  • Superhumachine: The Debate at the Center of Deep Learning
  • Deepfake AI: Broadcast Applications and Implications

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September 23, 2022

“Triangle of Sadness:” (Kind of Gross) Scenes from the Class Struggle

Charlbi Dean as Yaya, Alicia Eriksson as Alicia, Sunnyi Melles as Vera, Woody Harrelson as The Captain, Vicki Berlin as Paula, Zlatko Buric as Dimitry, Harris Dickinson as Carl in director Ruben Östlund’s “Triangle of Sadness.” Cr: NEON
Charlbi Dean as Yaya, Alicia Eriksson as Alicia, Sunnyi Melles as Vera, Woody Harrelson as The Captain, Vicki Berlin as Paula, Zlatko Buric as Dimitry, Harris Dickinson as Carl in director Ruben Östlund’s “Triangle of Sadness.” Cr: NEON

From Squid Game and Parasite to Cannes Film Festival prizewinner Triangle of Sadness, the super-rich are getting their comeuppance from everyday people. In the wake of these successes there is a clear global appetite for exposing and satirizing the huge gaps in wealth and status.

Super rich in terms here is relative. In recent films, such as Jordan Peele’s US or Todd Phillips’ Joker, the target of revenge is anyone perceived as being more privileged by those who perceive themselves to have the right to take it.

Contrary to the meritocratic ideal of the American Dream, Peele was suggesting that class (not just race) is responsible for division today in the United States.

“There is a certain horrific, physical element used to undermine the rich in these stories that taps into a well of anger against the system,” film critic and producer Jason Solomons says to The Guardian’s Vanessa Thorpe. “I think filmmakers are intuiting the levels of anger and frustration out there, the frustration of trying to break through and earn a living, and offering audiences the pleasure of some catharsis.”

In the same article, Thorpe highlights two more recent films — The Forgiven and I Came By —­ challenging the received social order. The former stars Jessica Chastain and Ralph Fiennes as rich travelers to Morocco. The latter features Hugh Bonneville as a wealthy London philanthropist who is not all that he seems. In both films the comfortably-off are revealed to be callous, hedonistic and detached, and in the case of Bonneville’s Sir Hector Blake, very dangerous.

READ MORE: Down with the rich! Class rage fuels new wave of ‘us v them’ films and plays (The Guardian)

Like Us, director Jessica M. Thompson takes class war firmly into the realms of horror in her film The Invitation, which was released in August.

The Invitation centers Evie, a struggling artist in New York who lost her father as a teenager, has just lost her mother to cancer, and is feeling lonelier than she ever has before.

“I really identify with Evie,” Thompson explains. “When I was 24, I moved to New York City to become a filmmaker. I didn’t know a single soul. I struggled for quite a while — working survival jobs, figuring out how to thrive in this incredible city, how to fight for what you want, how not to feel lonely. Of course, things go awry. But through that [Evie] finds her strength, her conviction of character, and literally gets to stick it to the man.”

The motivation for director Ruben Östlund’s Triangle of Sadness is similar. He told Scott Roxborough at The Hollywood Reporter: “Quite often I feel trapped in the culture that I live in. I want to be somewhere else, but cultural expectations are forcing me into a corner. There’s the dilemma between what I want to do and what I feel that I have to do. I write the scenes to make it as hard as possible for the characters to deal with the situation.”

Triangle of Sadness starts on a luxury cruise with a rogue’s gallery of super-rich passengers, including a Russian oligarch and a British arms dealer. The cruise ends catastrophically, and the passengers and crew find themselves marooned on a deserted island. Hierarchy is suddenly flipped upside down. The lowly housekeeper now has power since she is the only one who knows how to fish.

  • Sunnyi Melles as Vera in director Ruben Östlund’s “Triangle of Sadness.” Cr: NEON
    Sunnyi Melles as Vera in director Ruben Östlund’s “Triangle of Sadness.” Cr: NEON
  • Sunnyi Melles as Vera and Alicia Eriksson as Alicia in director Ruben Östlund’s “Triangle of Sadness.” Cr: NEON
    Sunnyi Melles as Vera and Alicia Eriksson as Alicia in director Ruben Östlund’s “Triangle of Sadness.” Cr: NEON

The ship’s captain (Woody Harrelson) plays a Marxist who quotes from The Communist Manifesto while his passengers puke with seasickness. Östlund is as interested in the tawdry economic value of beauty as he is on inverting class structure.

“You know, if you are born beautiful, it can be something that can help you climb up in society, even if you don’t have money or an education,” the director tells Roxborough. “Most of us are brought up by our parents saying, ‘Looks aren’t important,’ but it’s so obvious we live in a world where looks are very important, maybe even more important today in this digital image world than they had been before.”

READ MORE: Ruben Ostlund on Roasting Capitalism in His Take-No-Prisoners Satire ‘Triangle of Sadness’ (The Hollywood Reporter)

One of Östlund’s most obvious influences is director Michael Haneke, whose most extreme satire of European bourgeoisie is Funny Games. Here, a well-off family is brutally attacked without mercy or provocation other than being symbolic of wealth and privilege.

The callousness of the attack in Funny Games, with the protagonist dressed all in white, deliberately recalls Stanley Kubrick’s 1971 adaptation of Anthony Burgess’ satire, A Clockwork Orange. Three years earlier, lead actor Malcolm McDowell had also starred in Lindsay Anderson’s Cannes Palm D’Or winner If… about a group of pupils staging a savage insurrection at a boys’ boarding school.

The renegades of If… (see also the anti-heroes of Easy Rider, Bonnie and Clyde and The Wild Bunch — all from 1969) died violent, bloody but romantic deaths as if their revolt were not in vain.

Fast-forward to now, and the serfs — the servants, the commoners, the poor and the less-than rich — are overturning the established order and surviving to rule the roost.

In one of Östlund’s previous films, Force Majeure, a supposedly exemplary family man flees to save himself instead of his wife and children at the first sign of an avalanche.

Arvin Kananian as Darius and Woody Harrelson as The Captain in director Ruben Östlund’s “Triangle of Sadness.” Cr: NEON
Arvin Kananian as Darius and Woody Harrelson as The Captain in director Ruben Östlund’s “Triangle of Sadness.” Cr: NEON

“It has become a universal and caustic indictment on the proclaimed values ​​of a democratic society and capitalism,” Movieweb’s Victoria Pochapska finds.

READ MORE: Ruben Östlund: How the Director Annihilates Bourgeois Values With Satire (Movieweb)

Östlund himself appears more nuanced in his feelings about the ultra-rich. Putting himself in their shoes, he says he is interested in how we all react when spoiled.

“For example, when I fly business class, I behave differently to when I fly economy. I sit there and read more slowly and drink more slowly as I watch passengers heading for economy class. It is almost impossible to not be affected by privilege.”

He adds, “Successful people are often very socially skilled otherwise they wouldn’t be so successful. There’s an ongoing myth that successful and rich people are horrible, but it’s reductive. I wanted the sweet old English couple [in Triangle of Sadness] to be the most sympathetic characters in the film. They are nice and respectful to everyone — they just happen to have made their money on landmines and hand grenades. It’s probably a more accurate description of what the world looks like.”

  • Director Ruben Östlund, Vicki Berlin, Zlatko Buric, Charlbi Dean, Harris Dickinson, and Carolina Gynning on the set of “Triangle of Sadness.” Cr: NEON
    Director Ruben Östlund, Vicki Berlin, Zlatko Buric, Charlbi Dean, Harris Dickinson, and Carolina Gynning on the set of “Triangle of Sadness.” Cr: NEON
  • Sunnyi Melles as Vera in director Ruben Östlund’s “Triangle of Sadness.” Cr: NEON
    Sunnyi Melles as Vera in director Ruben Östlund’s “Triangle of Sadness.” Cr: NEON

The Netflix film The White Tiger, Ramin Bahrani’s adaptation of the novel by Aravind Adiga, follows Balram, who comes from a poor Indian village and uses his wit and cunning to escape from poverty — by learning from and plotting against his far richer employers. Balram is the hero because his employers are not only rich but seen as rude and abusive towards Balram, whom they treat as less deserving.

From South Korea and India to the US and beyond, class and class warfare is a universal phenomenon. But nowhere is it surely more entrenched than in the UK.

James Cameron’s Titanic leaned none too subtly on a story about love being blind to class. In the film, the poor passengers — the Irish Leonardo DiCaprios — are forced below decks, while those on the upper (class) deck enjoy fancy dinners, ballroom dances and the presence of the captain. Billy Zane takes the role of pantomime villain and posh girl Kate Winslet lives to tell the tale.

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September 1, 2022

LED Wall Enlightenment: What You Need to Know About ICVFX

A new white paper from Sony explores LED display technology, the technical aspects, and workflow of in-camera visual effects on a volume wall, and compares Sony’s Crystal LED display to others typically used in virtual production. Cr: Sony
A new white paper from Sony explores LED display technology, the technical aspects, and workflow of in-camera visual effects on a volume wall, and compares Sony’s Crystal LED display to others typically used in virtual production. Cr: Sony

READ MORE: Crystal LED For Virtual Production White Paper Now Available (SonyCine)

Virtual production and in-camera visual effects (ICVFX) demand a new and unique set of performance requirements in both LED displays and cinema cameras. Most of these technical attributes are well understood — including pixel uniformity, luminance, black level performance, off-axis color shift, and scanning artifacts.

What has not been explored is the specific impact of these specifications for virtual production. Sony and Epic Games conducted a series of tests to learn more about the impact of LED wall technology on workflow and final picture performance.

Its broad conclusion is to marry a high-end cine camera (like a Sony Venice) with a fine-pitch LED display (such as the company’s own Crystal product), but also reveals a number of important general principles that apply to LED choice and on-set performance:

Wait, What Is ICVFX?

ICFVX is the process of capturing visual effects live and in-camera on set, such as within an LED volume. This can be thought of as simply a workflow in which traditional green screen stages are replaced with LED displays to capture visual effects in-camera and in real-time. During ICVFX, game-engine technology is used to render background images on LED walls while the camera captures the total composited scene.

Scenes that previously may have taken hundreds of hours to compose, shoot, render and composite, might now be accomplished in real-time, in-camera and on-set. Remarkably, in-camera visual effects can work when capturing both 3D worlds, as in the case of Disney’s The Mandalorian, or with 2D plates, such as in a driving sequence.

In addition to the ability to shoot multiple complex scenes efficiently on a single set, ICVFX offers efficiency in other areas, such as capturing environmental lighting and reflections in real-time — thereby reducing the need for post-production compositing, which is needed with green-screen productions.

The Sony Crystal LED is able to avoid the problem of typical LED display gray level being limited by the minimum PWM pulse width. It modulates the LED emissions to reach much lower black level reproductions, resulting in a very low first step out of black and a contrast ratio of over 1,000,000:1. Cr: Sony
The Sony Crystal LED is able to avoid the problem of typical LED display gray level being limited by the minimum PWM pulse width. It modulates the LED emissions to reach much lower black level reproductions, resulting in a very low first step out of black and a contrast ratio of over 1,000,000:1. Cr: Sony

LED Walls: The Basics

“Most commercially available LED displays use almost the same, or a very similar set of third-party components and design configurations,” the white paper notes. These include utilizing mini-LED size chips arranged in surface mount device (SMD) enclosures, positioning of 2.5 to four millimeter pixel pitch, off-the-shelf driver circuits, and image processing chips and printed circuit boards (PCB) with technology to reduce surface reflectivity.

LED displays intended for other applications, such as concert touring, conference rooms and signage, will often not be designed with the precision needed for an on-set virtual production environment.

For displays found in VP volumes, the spacing between pixels — referred to as the pixel pitch — is typically between one to four millimeters. Since fine pixel pitch displays are more costly on a per-area basis (cost per square meter or square foot), larger pixel pitch units are often used for less-demanding floor or ceiling portions of the volume or for background plates in very large stages. On the other hand, smaller stages, such as those roughly 26 feet (eight meters) or less in width, require finer pixel pitch, typically in the 1.25 to 2.5 millimeter range, to avoid individual pixels being visible on camera at typical shooting distances.

Different Types of LED

Direct-view LED (light-emitting diode) displays are constructed from a dense matrix of pixels, each incorporating an individual red, green and blue (RGB) LED emitter.

The LED pixels are fabricated on a substrate within cabinets to create the LED display. The cabinets are mounted side-by-side and top to bottom in sturdy structural frames and carefully aligned to avoid visible seams or gaps. The frame can be flat on a virtual production stage, but is often engineered to form a concave curve surrounding the set area. The video image is fed through a game engine, such as Epic Games’ Unreal Engine, and segmented and distributed to the many LED cabinets from one or more LED image processors. Standard LEDs consist of a semiconductor light source, measuring roughly one millimeter across and emitting light of a defined wavelength (color) when a current flows.

For fine pixel pitch LED displays, mini-LED technology is used with LED chips as small as 200 microns across. For even higher-density fine pitch displays, LED chips are now available, with chip sizes as small as 20 to 100 microns in size. These enable high-definition images even on modest-size panels.

These “standard” (or inorganic) LEDs differ in performance and behavior from organic LEDs (OLED) and liquid crystal displays (LCD). Mini-LED and LED technology is uniquely suited for virtual production due to its excellent contrast ratios, color reproduction, wide viewing angle, high brightness, consistent performance, and long life.

In a comparison, Sony’s Crystal LED has a unique implementation where the LED emitters are extremely small in relation to the separation between pixels. This results in significantly more display surface as black substrate, with the light emissions from pixels occupying just a fraction of the screen area. Cr: Sony
In a comparison, Sony’s Crystal LED has a unique implementation where the LED emitters are extremely small in relation to the separation between pixels. This results in significantly more display surface as black substrate, with the light emissions from pixels occupying just a fraction of the screen area. Cr: Sony

Picture Performance

The final “look” of the virtual production is impacted by the interaction between the selected LED display performance and the selected cinema camera — especially lens and sensor characteristics — along with the real-time rendering engine, motion tracking systems, and stage lighting.

Of particular interest are the displays’ reflectivity of ambient light off the display surface, their ability for low-level greyscale representation and color accuracy — especially those that offer consistency when viewed from both on-axis and an oblique angle — and other features.

A typical studio environment will, by its nature, include a significant level of ambient light from studio luminaires and on-set practical lights. In order to avoid specular reflections, flare, or washed-out contrast, it is important that the LED display surface reflect ambient light diffusely, minimizing the specular component that arrives back into the camera as much as possible.

For testing with off-axis performance, a camera dolly and track were used to replicate the same test procedure for multiple displays. Specific camera angles were used for the display so the footage could later be evaluated directly between the different technology combinations. Cr: Sony
For testing with off-axis performance, a camera dolly and track were used to replicate the same test procedure for multiple displays. Specific camera angles were used for the display so the footage could later be evaluated directly between the different technology combinations. Cr: Sony

Moiré is an undesirable interference pattern caused by the interaction between similar patterns that are overlaid on each other. In the case of virtual production, Sony combines a cinema camera featuring a sensor arranged in a Bayer pattern with an LED display that features diodes arranged in a similar grid. The relationship between the pixel pitch, density of camera sensor photosites, shooting distance, lens focal length, and depth of field all influence whether Moiré patterns become visible in the shot.

De-focusing the camera by using a narrower depth of field may also help reduce Moiré visibility, but at the expense of limiting creative choices. Other factors, such as the design of the optical low pass filter (OLPF) in the camera will also influence the Moiré visibility and so should be a consideration when selecting the best solution for a particular production.

On-set testing is crucial. This diagram illustrates the setup for Sony’s first two Crystal LED tests, which enabled testing at two distinct shooting distances and with two different lens choices. Cr: Sony
On-set testing is crucial. This diagram illustrates the setup for Sony’s first two Crystal LED tests, which enabled testing at two distinct shooting distances and with two different lens choices. Cr: Sony

In testing, Sony found that many variables impacted the presence of scanline artifacts, which was further compounded by the fact that in some instances the artifacts were difficult to identify using on-set monitoring.

Conditions such as camera position and angle, movement, movement speed, shutter speed and angle, display refresh and multiplex rate, and render platform settings all had an impact on the presence of these artifacts.

Sony says further evaluation is needed to determine system configurations that can consistently prevent this occurrence.

Test images shot using a Sony VENICE 6K cinema camera to observe when Moiré patterns became visible.
Test images shot using a Sony VENICE 6K cinema camera to observe when Moiré patterns became visible.

Color Representation

For on-set virtual production, maintaining creative intent relies on the faithful reproduction of color in the virtual background throughout the rendering pipeline all the way to the display. The LED wall itself must include LED pixels capable of emitting RGB light at wavelengths appropriate for reproduction of the full color space, and a high degree of consistency (also called uniformity) across the image. A lack of color precision may become very visible on-camera, whether it be a difference between adjacent pixels or different cabinets.

In some cases, ambient temperature will cause color shifts (causing pixels mounted near the studio floor to appear different than those near the ceiling). The wide-gamut color reproduction and consistency of the LED display will help in supporting the camera color sensitivity, and thereby enable more latitude for the DP to create evoke the specific “look” desired for a scene.

The current industry SMD-based design creates areas in which the individual diodes interact with each other and their mounting “package,” affecting how light emanates from the display. Cr: Sony
The current industry SMD-based design creates areas in which the individual diodes interact with each other and their mounting “package,” affecting how light emanates from the display. Cr: Sony
Sony’s LED technology allows light to uniformly emanate from the display and approach a “Lambertian,” or perfectly uniform pattern of light. Cr: Sony
Sony’s LED technology allows light to uniformly emanate from the display and approach a “Lambertian,” or perfectly uniform pattern of light. Cr: Sony

Camera Position

The display size and pixel pitch of the LED volume should be selected according to the required camera position (shooting distance) and lens focal length. In general, shooting closer to the wall requires a finer pixel pitch to avoid visible artifacts.

In positioning the camera in relation to the LED display, consideration should be given to off-axis color shifts which might be inherent in the LED wall. A display that doesn’t exhibit brightness or color shift when viewed from different angles will provide more flexibility in camera blocking, and dolly and crane moves and allow for more of the stage area to be utilized.

Staging should also consider camera positions that avoid Moiré artifacts. This may include positioning on-set objects far enough from the LED wall so that the LED pixels are sufficiently de-focused to avoid the Moiré interference pattern. If this isn’t possible, you should choose an LED display with finer pixel pitch to avoid Moiré problems when the background is in-focus.





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A Brief Voyage Through the History of Virtual Production
A Brief Voyage Through the History of Virtual Production

The use of LED walls and LED volumes — a major component of virtual production — can be traced directly back to the front- and rear-projection techniques common throughout much of the 20th century.

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September 19, 2021

Augmented Reality: How It Started, How It’s Going

"Jan Van Eyck, Mirror detail, The Arnolfini Portrait" by profzucker is licensed with CC BY-NC-SA 2.0. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/
“Jan Van Eyck, Mirror detail, The Arnolfini Portrait” by profzucker is licensed with CC BY-NC-SA 2.0. View a copy of this license.

It’s long been known that painters of the Italian Renaissance worked with parallax and geometrical principles to build cinematic perspective into their art. New research suggests the practice was more widespread and even a rudimentary form of augmented reality.

Gilles Simon, an art historian and researcher at the Lorraine Research Laboratory in Computer Science and its Applications (LORIA), has discovered that Flemish painter Jan Van Eyck was also using the technique previously believed to be specific to the Italian artists like Brunelleschi and Alberti.

Perhaps that’s no surprise — they were all contemporaries active in the early 15th century, but the artworld seems taken aback by it.

“Accurate perspective is structured according to a number of mathematical rules, such as the presence in an artwork of baselines converging upon a single vanishing point — a technique that originated with the masters of the Quattrocento and seemed to have been unknown to artists elsewhere prior to encountering the influence of the Italian Renaissance,” explains Simon.

READ MORE: Van Eyck Was A Precursor Of Augmented Reality (Science Blog)

Simon goes on to explain that Italian Renaissance artists described perspective in art as a geometrical transcription of the laws of optics.

“Their concept was based on the works of Euclid, with the addition of a projection plane between the object being represented and the eye of the viewer,” he says.

He put a Van Eyck masterpiece through digital tests at the LORIA where Simon specializes in the detection of baselines and vanishing points in photographs and videos.

In findings presented last month at SIGGRAPH, he reveals that the painting known as the Arnolfini Portrait comprises four horizontal sections, each with a centric point evenly spaced along an inclined axis traced longitudinally across the painting.

“While Brunelleschi was already using a wooden panel with an eyehole by about 1420, Van Eyck remains one of the pioneers in the use of optical systems to depict perspective and take human stereoscopic vision into account.”

Gilles Simon

“Within each section, the perspective conforms perfectly to the geometric principles that were thought to have been known only to a few Italian masters.

“It seems that the painter used a sort of ‘perspective machine’ with four equidistant eyeholes, one for each section, arranged vertically.

“While Brunelleschi was already using a wooden panel with an eyehole by about 1420, Van Eyck remains one of the pioneers in the use of optical systems to depict perspective and take human stereoscopic vision into account. This approach can be considered a forerunner of augmented reality, and would be simplified 70 years later by Leonardo da Vinci.”

Arguably all painting stretching as far back as prehistoric cave paintings of hands or buffalo is an augmented version of reality. It’s a lovely thought also to imagine that the candlelight by which such paintings would have been viewed would have flickered and “animated” the paintings — an idea which captivated Werner Herzog when making Cave of Forgotten Dreams in 2010. He attempted to bring the pictorial creations on the walls of Chauvet caves of Southern France to life in stereoscopic 3D.

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AR, MR, VR, and XR: Working on the Virtuality Continuum
AR, MR, VR, and XR: Working on the Virtuality Continuum

User experience design for VR, AR and MR will be essential for successfully navigating and enjoying the blurred reality-meets-metaverse.

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January 17, 2023
Posted August 17, 2021

How Game Engines Can Take Virtual Production Mainstream

BY DAN MEIER

Download Unreal Engine’s Virtual Production Field Guide, Part 1

Download Unreal Engine’s Virtual Production Field Guide, Part 2

A major trend in recent years has seen traditionally post-production processes made a part of production. Consider the creation of visual effects, once added to a scene after the completion of photography on a green screen, now capable of being rendered in camera in real time. Rather than leaving actors to react to an unknown quantity or guess the nature of their scene partners, those elements can finally materialize on set. Somewhat ironically, actors have the gaming world to thank for this revolution, as it is games engines that power in-camera visual effects environments.

Hurlbut Academy uses Star Wars spinoff The Mandalorian as an example of pioneering this revolutionary technology. Millions of subscribers came to Disney Plus for Baby Yoda but stayed for the show’s special effects, which were achieved using a groundbreaking system known as StageCraft, described by No Film School as “the biggest thing since the invention of blue and green screen.” Powered by Unreal Engine from Epic Games, the system uses a 20-foot high, 270-degree LED wrap-around screen to display CG environments in real time — and all controlled remotely by iPad.

READ MORE: Are Game Engines the Future of Filmmaking? (Hurlbut Academy)

READ MORE: How Cutting-Edge ILM Technology Brought ‘The Mandalorian’ to Life (No Film School)

For the series’ cinematographer Greig Fraser, one of the biggest benefits was being able to control the lighting on set instead of having to match up the assets in post. “We have full control of the light, we’re not spending all that time trying to cut the sun, or trying to diffuse it, or trying to add negative fill,” he told Deadline.

“On the practical side, we’re able to move faster. But even more importantly, on an emotional side, we’re able to build the world that we’re wanting to in advance, knowing that we’re going to have an extended period of that particular controlled light.”

READ MORE: ‘The Mandalorian’ DP Greig Fraser On Developing Disney+ Drama’s LED Volume: “The Beginning Of Something Extraordinarily Powerful” (Deadline)

Beyond the worlds of Star Wars, other productions are integrating Unreal Engine into their workflows, including the third season of HBO’s Westworld. Seeing games engines embraced by projects with the most intense visual effects demands suggests a bright future for an industry moving away from costly post production pipelines, as Epic Games’ senior product manager Jonathan Litt notes in an interview with ProVideo Coalition: “Where previously turnaround times might have been a matter of days or even longer, we’re aiming for turnaround times of minutes.”

From on-the-fly lighting adjustment and shot composition to real-time set rendering and editing capabilities, filmmakers are already reaping the benefits of games engines. Director Joe Russo describes the experience as “like we’re moving from filmmaking 1.0, jumping to filmmaking 5.0 – and I don’t see any other path forward that is nearly as exciting, compelling, or freeing for artists as this path.”

READ MORE: Epic Games discusses their “magic” tools for Virtual Production (ProVideo Coalition)

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